Overview of Bidens rhodesiana Sherff
Bidens rhodesiana Sherff is a plant species that belongs to the Asteraceae family. This herbaceous plant has various uses and grows mainly in eastern and southern Africa, including Malawi, Mozambique, and Zimbabwe.
Common Names
Bidens rhodesiana Sherff goes by various common names, including Rhodesian marigold, orange bidens, and tickseed sunflower. It is also referred to as "umujoto" in the Chichewa language of Malawi.
Uses
The Bidens rhodesiana Sherff plant is known for its medicinal properties and has been used to treat various ailments, including digestive disorders, fever, headaches, and snakebites. Its leaves and flowers are steeped and used as a tea. Additionally, the plant is also used as a natural insecticide.
General Appearance
Bidens rhodesiana Sherff is an annual herbaceous plant that grows up to 1.2 meters tall. Its stems are erect and branching and covered with hairs. The leaves are opposite, toothed, and hairy, and the bright yellow-orange flowers are small and daisy-like, with dark centers. The plant's fruit is achenes with two barbed awns that allow them to stick to clothing and animal fur, aiding in its dispersal.
Light Requirements
Bidens rhodesiana Sherff thrives in bright light conditions and requires at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily. Insufficient light can lead to stunted growth, yellowing of leaves, and a reduction in flowering. It is best to place the plant near south or west-facing windows to ensure it receives the required amount of light.
Temperature Requirements
The plant grows best in warm temperatures, ranging from 60°F to 80°F during the daytime and approximately 55°F to 65°F at night. It can tolerate cooler temperatures as low as 50°F but should be kept away from frosty areas. Temperatures below 50°F can cause damage to the plant and even cause it to wither.
Soil Requirements
Bidens rhodesiana Sherff prefers well-draining soils that are nutrient-rich. A pH level between 6.0 and 7.0 is ideal for optimum growth. A good soil mix should consist of peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite, enabling a suitable amount of air and water to reach plant roots. The plant should be watered only after the soil gets dry as overwatering can lead to root rotting and other severe issues.
Cultivation
Bidens rhodesiana Sherff, also known as Rhodesian beggarticks, is an annual flowering plant that requires well-drained soil and full sunlight for optimal growth. It can be grown from seeds or transplanted as seedlings. The plant is relatively low maintenance and grows well in hot and humid conditions.
Watering Needs
It is essential to keep the soil of the Bidens rhodesiana Sherff moist but not waterlogged. Water the plants once or twice a week, depending on the weather conditions. During dry and hot periods, increase the frequency of watering to prevent the plant from drying out. Water the plants deeply to encourage the roots to grow deep into the soil.
Fertilization
Bidens rhodesiana Sherff requires regular fertilization to ensure healthy growth and flowering. Add a slow-release fertilizer to the soil at the time of planting or apply a liquid fertilizer every two weeks during the growing season. Make sure not to over-fertilize as it can lead to excessive foliage growth and inhibit flowering.
Pruning
Bidens rhodesiana Sherff does not require regular pruning, but deadheading spent blooms will encourage the plant to produce more flowers. Trim back any leggy or overly long stems to maintain the plant's shape and promote bushier growth. To keep the plant from self-seeding and spreading beyond its designated area, remove any seed heads before they mature.
Propagation of Bidens rhodesiana Sherff
Bidens rhodesiana Sherff is commonly known as the Rhodesian beggarticks. It is a fast-growing perennial herbaceous plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. This plant is typically found growing in wetlands or damp areas, where it produces beautiful yellow flowers that resemble daisies. Propagation of Bidens rhodesiana Sherff can be done through various methods, including:
Seed Propagation
The most common method of propagating Bidens rhodesiana Sherff is through seeds. Seeds should be collected from the matured plant and then planted in well-drained soil during the spring or fall. The soil must be kept moist until the seeds germinate, which can take up to 15 days.
Cuttings Propagation
Root cuttings are also a viable method of propagating Bidens rhodesiana Sherff. Cuttings should be taken from established plants and propagated in moist soil or vermiculite. Keep the soil moist and provide partial shade to allow the cuttings to root successfully.
Division Propagation
Bidens rhodesiana Sherff can also be propagated through division. Divide the plant during its dormant period and replant the sections in well-drained soil. Water the new plants gently until they establish and show new growth.
By following these propagation methods, gardeners can easily propagate Bidens rhodesiana Sherff and add this delightful plant to their collection.
Disease and Pest Management for Bidens rhodesiana Sherff
Bidens rhodesiana Sherff, commonly known as Rhodesian beggarticks, is a hardy and beautiful plant that is renowned for its resistance to pests and diseases. However, despite its robustness, this plant can be affected by a few pests and diseases. Here are some common diseases and pests that might affect Bidens rhodesiana Sherff, along with some suggestions on how to manage them:
Diseases
Powdery mildew: The appearance of white, powdery substance on the leaves of the plant could indicate the presence of powdery mildew. This fungal disease can be managed by spraying with a fungicide, such as neem oil, potassium bicarbonate or sulfur. Proper spacing of plants, adequate airflow in the growing area and proper watering practices can prevent the occurrence of powdery mildew.
Leaf spots: If you notice brown or dark red spots on the leaves of the plant, it could be due to leaf spot. This disease is caused by a fungus and can be managed by removing the affected parts and spraying with a copper-based fungicide. Watering the plants early in the morning to allow the leaves to dry quickly can also help control the disease.
Pests
Aphids: These small insects can cause damage by sucking the sap from the plant. They can be managed by blasting them off the plant with a strong stream of water or by the application of insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Spider mites: These pests are tiny and can often be seen as small brown or yellow dots on the underside of leaves. Spider mites can be controlled by spraying the plant with neem oil or insecticidal soap. Introducing predatory mites is also an effective way of managing spider mites.
Caterpillars: Caterpillars can damage the plant by feeding on the leaves. They can be controlled by using Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) or spinosad, which are natural insecticides.
Managing pests and diseases on Bidens rhodesiana Sherff requires a proactive approach that emphasizes good plant care practices such as providing adequate water and nutrition, proper spacing and adequate airflow, and regular monitoring for disease and pest infestation.
