Overview
Bidens reptans (L.) G. Don is a hardy, fast-growing plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is native to parts of North America, including the central and eastern regions.
Common Names
The plant has several common names depending on its location. In the United States, it may be called creeping bur-marigold, while in Canada, it is referred to as the eastern water hemp.
General Appearance
Bidens reptans is a low-growing, creeping plant that typically reaches a height of about 20-30 cm. It has dark green leaves that are toothed or lobed, and each stem produces several small yellow flowers that bloom in late summer or early fall.
The flowers are quite small (less than 2 cm) and have a distinct disk-shaped center with many small ray florets around the edge. The plant produces numerous seeds that are dispersed by the wind, water, or clinging to animals.
Uses
Native American tribes used various parts of the plant for medicinal purposes such as treating skin sores, wounds, and diarrhea. Today, some herbalists still use it for the same purposes. In addition, the plant is useful in erosion control due to its ability to form dense masses that stabilize the soil along riverbanks and shorelines.
Although not considered a desirable plant in lawns or agricultural fields, Bidens reptans can be a food source for grazing animals and serves as a habitat for many insect species.
Light Requirements
Bidens reptans is a plant that requires bright sunlight to grow healthily. It is essential to plant it in an area where there is sufficient exposure to direct sunlight. The plant can still survive in partial shade, but it will not thrive and will have stunted growth if there is not enough light.
Temperature Requirements
The plant grows well in temperatures between 60-85°F (15-29°C). It is essential to maintain a constant temperature for proper growth. A sudden drop or rise in temperature can lead to stress and damage to the plant. Additionally, extreme temperatures can kill the plant.
Soil Requirements
Bidens reptans thrives in well-draining soils that are rich in organic matter. The soil's pH level should be slightly acidic, ranging from 5.5-6.5. The plant prefers moist soils, but it should not be waterlogged. Overwatering can cause root rot, leading to the plant's death. Additionally, the plant is susceptible to drought conditions, so it is essential to water it frequently.
Cultivation of Bidens Reptans (L.) G. Don
Bidens reptans (L.) G. Don, commonly known as the swamp marigold, is a herbaceous perennial plant native to North America that is usually grown for its stunning yellow flowers. It is a relatively easy plant to cultivate, and it grows well in moist soils.
When planting bidens reptans, make sure to choose a location with full sun or partial shade. It is best to plant in the spring, after the last frost. The soil should be kept consistently moist, so make sure to water regularly, especially during dry spells.
Watering Needs
Bidens reptans requires moderate watering to thrive. The soil should be kept moist, but not waterlogged. Depending on the climate, the plant may require watering twice a week.
During the summer, it is best to water the plant early in the morning or late in the evening when it is cooler outside. This helps to prevent the water from evaporating before it can be absorbed by the soil and roots.
Fertilization
Bidens reptans is a relatively low-maintenance plant and does not require heavy fertilization. A small amount of well-balanced fertilizer can be applied in the early spring, just as new growth appears. This helps the plant establish a healthy root system and promote overall growth.
Be careful not to over-fertilize, as this can cause the plant to become leggy and produce fewer flowers.
Pruning
Bidens reptans doesn't require much pruning, but it can benefit from deadheading. Deadheading is the process of removing spent flowers to promote continuous blooming and prevent the plant from setting seed.
Prune back the stems to tidy up the plant and remove any damaged or dead foliage. This also helps to prevent disease and pests from taking hold. Pruning should be done in the early spring or late fall when the plant is dormant.
Propagation methods for Bidens reptans (L.) G. Don
Bidens reptans is commonly propagated by seed. However, it can also be propagated through vegetative means like stem cuttings or division of roots.
Seed propagation
Seed propagation is the most common method of propagating Bidens reptans. The seeds should be collected when the plant is mature and the seed heads have dried. The seeds should be sown outdoors in the fall or indoors in spring. To enable germination, the seed should be slightly scratched or filed, and then soaked in water for about twelve hours. After soaking, sow the seeds into potting mix, and keep the soil moist until germination.
Vegetative propagation
Bidens reptans can also be propagated using vegetative means like stem cuttings or division of the roots. Stem cutting should be taken from a mature plant and planted in moist potting soil. Ensure to keep the soil moist throughout the rooting period, which usually lasts for 2-4 weeks. When dividing plants, separate the roots carefully, and plant each division in a separate pot.
Propagation of Bidens reptans is a straightforward process and can be done using either seed or vegetative means. Different methods can be used to ensure success, such as adjusting moisture levels and ensuring the use of properly disinfected tools when dividing roots.
Disease and Pest Management for Bidens Reptans
Bidens reptans, commonly known as the swamp beggar-ticks, is a member of the Asteraceae family and is found in wetland areas across the United States. Like any plant, it is susceptible to various diseases and pests which can cause damage to the plant, reduce its growth and yield. Proper disease and pest management is, therefore, crucial in maintaining healthy and productive Bidens reptans plants.
Common Diseases
Bidens reptans is susceptible to various diseases such as stem rot caused by the fungus Sclerotium rolfsii, leaf spot caused by the fungus Cercospora sp., and powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe cichoracearum. These diseases can cause the plant to lose vigor, reduce its growth, and yield.
Management of Diseases
Prevention is the key to managing the diseases affecting Bidens reptans. Here are some ways to prevent and manage the diseases:
- Proper cultural practices such as adequate watering and proper fertilization can help maintain overall plant health and reduce the risk of diseases.
- Proper sanitation such as removing infected plant debris and sterilizing tools can help prevent the spread of diseases.
- Use of fungicides such as copper-based fungicides can help control the diseases. However, they should be used according to the manufacturer's instructions to avoid plant damage.
Common Pests
Various pests can infect Bidens reptans plants such as aphids, spider mites, and slugs. These pests can cause damage to the plant, reduce its growth and yield, and in some cases, the plant may die.
Management of Pests
Controlling pests in Bidens reptans plants can be challenging, but here are some ways to manage them:
- Regular inspection of plants can help detect pest infestations early, making it easier to manage them.
- Biological control such as introducing natural predators like ladybugs and lacewings can help control pests without the use of harmful chemicals.
- Use of chemicals such as insecticides can help control pests. However, it is essential to use the correct pesticide and follow the manufacturer's instructions to prevent harm to the plant and environment.
By following proper disease and pest management practices, Bidens reptans can thrive and grow healthily.
