Overview of Bidens pachyloma
Bidens pachyloma is a type of flowering plant that belongs to the family Asteraceae, commonly known as the "aster" or "daisy" family. It is also known by various other common names, including African marsh-marigold and swamp cosmos. The plant is native to Africa, specifically Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda, and is commonly found in wetland and aquatic habitats.
Appearance of Bidens pachyloma
Bidens pachyloma is a herbaceous plant that grows from 1-3 meters tall, with a rounded and bushy appearance. The leaves are pinnately divided and can grow up to 30 cm long. The stems are angular and can be covered in short, stiff hairs. The flowers of Bidens pachyloma are bright yellow and have a diameter of about 4 cm. They typically bloom from July to October and attract a wide variety of pollinators.
Uses of Bidens pachyloma
Bidens pachyloma has several traditional medicinal uses among the indigenous peoples of its native range. The plant is known to possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial properties, and is used to treat various ailments such as coughs, sore throats, and headaches. Additionally, the plant is also used in traditional rituals and ceremonies.
Beyond its medicinal uses, Bidens pachyloma is also a useful plant for wetland restoration and in landscaping for its attractive appearance and ability to tolerate wet soil conditions.
Light Requirements
Bidens pachyloma typically grows in bright, direct sunlight or partial shade. It is known to tolerate some shade, but growth may be slower and the plant may become leggy if it does not receive enough light.
Temperature Requirements
This plant prefers warm temperatures and does not tolerate frost or freezing temperatures. It can grow in a range of temperatures from 15-30°C, with an ideal range between 20-25°C. Extreme heat can cause stress to the plant, so it is important to keep it well-watered during hot weather.
Soil Requirements
Bidens pachyloma prefers well-draining soil with a pH between 6.0-7.5. It can grow in a variety of soil types, but it does not thrive in heavy clay soils. To promote healthy growth, amend heavy soils with organic matter to improve drainage and nutrient availability. This plant does not tolerate waterlogged soil and may develop root rot if the soil is too wet for extended periods of time.
Cultivation of Bidens Pachyloma
Bidens pachyloma is a tropical plant that thrives in warm weather with a significant amount of sunshine. It can be grown either indoors or outdoors, depending on the geographic location and temperature.
If you plan to cultivate it indoors, ensure the plant receives at least 6 hours of sunlight daily. For outdoor cultivation, plant them in a well-drained soil, enriched with organic matter.
Watering Needs
Bidens pachyloma prefers well-drained soil. Water should be applied to the base of the plant to prevent the foliage from getting wet. The plant needs to be watered frequently during the growing season, but the soil should not become waterlogged. The amount of water required will depend on the weather conditions; water more frequently during dry weather.
Fertilization
It is recommended to feed Bidens pachyloma with a balanced fertilizer every two weeks, during the growing season. The fertilizer application should match the specific instructions on the pack; avoid over-fertilising, which could damage the plant.
Organic fertilizers can also be used in place of synthetic fertilizers.
Pruning Bidens Pachyloma
Bidens pachyloma requires little to no pruning, but removing dead or damaged stems and leaves helps the plant to conserve energy. Pinching the growing tips is a fantastic way to promote branching, which may improve the plant's overall appearance.
If the plant becomes leggy or unkempt, cut it back by about half its length in the spring; it will recover quickly and bloom by summer.
Propagation methods for Bidens pachyloma
Bidens pachyloma (Oliv. & Hiern) Cufod. is commonly known as the Wide-eye beggar-ticks or the Widespread bur marigold. This perennial plant is native to Africa and belongs to the family Asteraceae. The plant's propagation can be done through different methods such as:
Seed propagation
Bidens pachyloma produces tiny seeds that can be collected from the plant during the flowering season. The seeds should be planted in well-draining soil in a container or directly in the garden. The soil should be kept moist, and the seedlings should start to emerge within 10 to 15 days.
Cuttings propagation
The plant can also be propagated through stem cuttings. Take a cutting that is around six inches long from the plant, dip the cut end in a rooting hormone and plant it in soil. The cutting should be kept moist and should be kept out of direct sunlight. The plant should take root within two weeks.
Division propagation
Bidens pachyloma also multiplies through division. Divide the plant during the dormant season when the plant is not growing. Dig up the plant from the soil, and separate the roots and leaves into several clumps. Each clump should have an equal amount of root and foliage to ensure its survival.
These different propagation methods can help grow and cultivate Bidens pachyloma plants in a variety of settings.
Disease and Pest Management for Bidens Pachyloma
Bidens pachyloma is a plant species that belongs to the Asteraceae family. This plant species is commonly affected by a variety of diseases and pests which can cause damage to the plant. Therefore, it is important to understand how to manage these pests and diseases.
Common Diseases Affecting Bidens Pachyloma
Powdery mildew is the most common disease that affects the Bidens pachyloma plant. This disease is caused by a fungus which appears on the leaves of the plant as white, powdery spots. The leaves may turn yellow and fall off, eventually leading to reduced plant growth and productivity.
To manage powdery mildew, make sure to maintain the plant's environment dry and well-ventilated to ensure the fungus does not thrive. In addition, act quickly by removing and destroying infected plant parts. Fungicides can also be applied as a preventative measure.
Common Pests Affecting Bidens Pachyloma
Aphids and thrips are some of the most common pests that affect the Bidens pachyloma plant. Aphids are small insects that feed on plant sap, causing deformation and yellowing of the leaves. Thrips, on the other hand, create silver or white patches on their leaves by puncturing the plant cells and sucking out the juice.
The use of insecticide products can be effective in managing pests like aphids and thrips. Additionally, removing the infested parts of the plant and disposing of them properly can prevent the pests from spreading. Biological control through the use of predator insects, such as ladybugs and lacewings, also can be helpful in controlling insect pests.
Conclusion
Bidens pachyloma is a plant that requires proper attention and care to thrive. Taking the necessary precautions to prevent diseases and pests from affecting the plant can ensure that it grows healthy and yields productive results.
