Overview
Bidens macrocarpa (Gray) Sherff is a flowering plant that belongs to the family Asteraceae. It is native to North America and is commonly found in areas such as marshes, wetlands, and along streams and riverbanks. This plant is also known by several other common names such as Bur-marigold, Large-fruited Beggarticks, and Big-fruited Tickseed Sunflower.
Appearance
Bidens macrocarpa is an annual plant that usually grows between 1 and 3.5 feet tall. Its stems are erect, branching, and hairless, and the foliage is also hairless. The leaves are deeply divided and occasionally toothed, with a light green color and a smooth texture. The flowers of Bidens macrocarpa are yellow and daisy-like, with a diameter of 1 to 2 inches. The plant produces small, hairless seeds that are shaped like small fishhooks and usually have two barbs that enable the seeds to attach to clothing or animal fur.
Uses
Bidens macrocarpa is commonly used in traditional medicine to treat a range of conditions, such as diarrhea, headaches, and rheumatism. The plant's leaves and flowers are the primary parts used medicinally and can be made into a tea or infused into an oil for topical use.
Beyond its medicinal uses, Bidens macrocarpa is also a valuable ornamental plant, and its unique seed heads are often used in dried floral arrangements. The seeds are also a food source for birds and small mammals.
Final Thoughts
Bidens macrocarpa is a versatile plant that has both practical and aesthetic uses. Its hardy nature makes it suitable for cultivation in a range of environments, and it provides an important food source for wildlife. With its cheerful yellow flowers and distinctive seeds, Bidens macrocarpa is an eye-catching addition to any garden or natural area.
Growth Conditions of Bidens macrocarpa (Gray) Sherff
Bidens macrocarpa, commonly known as bigfruit beggar-tick, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is a perennial plant that grows up to four feet tall and two feet wide, with serrated leaves and bright yellow flowers that bloom from April to October.
Light Requirements
Bidens macrocarpa thrives in full sun to partial shade environments. It requires at least six hours of direct sunlight daily to promote healthy growth and vibrant flowers. However, it can also tolerate some shade, especially during the hottest parts of the day.
Temperature Requirements
Bidens macrocarpa is native to North America and is adapted to temperate climates. It grows best in USDA hardiness zones 4-8, where the average annual temperature ranges from 20°F to 60°F. It can tolerate colder temperatures, but prolonged freezes may damage the plant. On the other hand, extreme heat above 90°F may cause the plant to wilt, so regular watering is crucial during hot weather.
Soil Requirements
Bidens macrocarpa prefers well-drained soil with a pH of 5.5 to 7.5. It can grow in sandy, loamy, or clay soil types, but it requires adequate moisture to thrive. The soil should also be rich in nutrients, so adding organic matter such as compost or aged manure can help improve the soil quality. Additionally, mulching around the plant can help retain soil moisture and suppress weeds.
Cultivation methods for Bidens macrocarpa
Bidens macrocarpa is a tough, versatile plant that can grow in a variety of conditions. It thrives in full sun or partial shade and prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. In areas with heavy clay soil, it's best to mix in sand or perlite to improve drainage.
When planting, space Bidens macrocarpa 12-18 inches apart and plant at the same depth as it was in the nursery container. Water thoroughly after planting to settle the soil around the roots.
Watering needs for Bidens macrocarpa
Bidens macrocarpa requires regular, consistent watering to thrive. In periods of drought or high heat, it's important to water deeply and regularly to prevent the soil from drying out. However, be careful not to overwater, as this can lead to root rot.
One way to determine when to water is to stick your finger into the soil. If the top inch feels dry, it's time to water. For container-grown Bidens macrocarpa, the soil may dry out more quickly and may require more frequent watering.
Fertilization for Bidens macrocarpa
For optimal growth and bloom, Bidens macrocarpa benefits from regular fertilization. Use a balanced fertilizer once a month during the growing season (spring through fall). Be sure to follow the instructions on the fertilizer package and do not over-fertilize, as this can cause damage to the plant.
Pruning Bidens macrocarpa
Bidens macrocarpa does not require extensive pruning, but deadheading spent flowers can help prolong the bloom period. Pinch off the wilted flowers just above the next set of leaves to encourage new growth and blooms.
If the plant becomes leggy or overgrown, you can also prune it back in early spring before new growth begins. Cut back the stems to just above a set of leaves or a branching point to encourage fuller growth.
Propagation of Bidens Macrocarpa (Gray) Sherff
Bidens macrocarpa (Gray) Sherff, commonly called Big Bur Marigold, is a North American plant species that belongs to the Asteraceae family. The plant is typically grown for its ornamental value, and it can also be used in traditional medicine. Propagation of Bidens macrocarpa (Gray) Sherff can be achieved via several methods, including:
Seed Propagation
Bidens macrocarpa (Gray) Sherff can be sowed from seeds indoors or outdoors. Indoor sowing can be done about 4-6 weeks before the last frost, while outdoor sowing can be done in the early spring. The seeds should be sowed on the surface of the soil, and then lightly covered with soil or vermiculite. The soil should be kept consistently moist until germination, which usually takes between 10-14 days. After germination, the plants should be thinned to about 12 inches apart.
Division
Bidens macrocarpa (Gray) Sherff can also be propagated via division, which is the process of splitting the clumps of mature plants into smaller sections. This method is best done in the early spring before new growth begins. The plant should be carefully dug out of the ground, and then the clump should be split into smaller sections using a sharp knife or pruning shears. Each section should have a healthy root system and several stems. The divided plants should be immediately replanted, and watering should be done regularly until the plants become established.
Cuttings
Bidens macrocarpa (Gray) Sherff can also be propagated via stem cuttings. This method involves taking a cutting from a healthy, mature plant and planting it in soil to develop roots and become a new plant. The cuttings should be taken in the summer, when the plant is actively growing. The cutting should be about 4-6 inches long, with a few leaves. Remove the lower leaves and insert the cutting into moist soil. Place a plastic bag over the pot to create a humid environment, and place it in a bright, shaded area. The cutting should root in about 4-6 weeks, after which the bag can be removed.
Overview of Bidens Macrocarpa (Gray) Sherff
Bidens macrocarpa (Gray) Sherff, commonly known as the bigfruit beggarticks, is a perennial herbaceous plant that belongs to the family Asteraceae. The plant is native to North America and is commonly found in moist environments such as marshes, streambanks, and the edges of ponds and lakes. The plant is characterized by its yellow flowers, which bloom from July to October. It is an important species for wetland restoration, erosion control, and wildlife habitat.
Common Diseases of Bidens Macrocarpa
Like all plants, Bidens macrocarpa is susceptible to various fungal and bacterial diseases. Some of the common diseases that can affect the plant include:
- Leaf Spots: This is a fungal disease that appears as yellow or brown spots on the leaves of the plant. It is caused by Alternaria, Cercospora, or Septoria species. To manage this disease, remove infected leaves and apply a fungicide.
- Powdery Mildew: Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that appears as a white powdery coating on the leaves of the plant. It is caused by Erysiphe or Golovinomyces species. To manage this disease, remove infected leaves and apply a fungicide.
- Root Rots: Root rot is a fungal disease that affects the roots of the plant and can cause wilting and death. It is caused by Pythium or Phytophthora species. To manage this disease, ensure proper drainage and avoid overwatering.
Common Pests of Bidens Macrocarpa
There are several pests that can be harmful to the Bidens macrocarpa plant, including:
- Aphids: Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that feed on the sap of the plant. They can cause yellowing and wilting of the leaves. To manage this pest, use insecticidal soap or a neem oil-based insecticide.
- Spider Mites: Spider mites are tiny pests that are difficult to see with the naked eye. They feed on the underside of the leaves, causing a stippling pattern to appear. To manage this pest, use a miticide.
- Slugs and Snails: Slugs and snails are common pests that can damage the leaves of the plant. To manage this pest, handpick them or use a bait trap.
