Overview
Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff is a species of flowering plant that belongs to the family Asteraceae, which is also known as the aster, daisy, or sunflower family. This particular species is native to the African continent, particularly in Kenya and Tanzania, and has been naturalized in other parts of the world.Common Names
Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff is commonly known as the Stapf's beggartick, or just beggartick. This name comes from the small, hook-like structures that cover the plant's seeds and tend to stick to passing animals, clothes, and other objects.Appearance
This species of plant is an erect herbaceous annual or perennial with straight stems that can typically grow from 30 to 100cm in height. The plant has alternate leaves that are typically 10cm long and 7cm wide. The flowers of the Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff are yellow and small, with a diameter of about 1.5 cm. The flowering period of this plant generally ranges from April to August, but it can bloom year-round in suitable conditions.Uses
Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff has a wide range of uses, most of which are medicinal. The aerial parts of the plant contain essential oils, flavonoids, and other chemical compounds that have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-microbial effects. The plant has traditionally been used to treat a variety of ailments such as skin infections, respiratory tract infections, and fever. Additionally, the plant extract has also been used as an insect repellent and for wound treatment. In conclusion, Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff is a species of flowering plant originating from Africa that has a variety of uses, particularly in traditional medicine. The plant is easily identifiable by its small yellow flowers and hook-like seeds, and it has been naturalized in other parts of the world.Light Requirements
Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff thrives in full sun to partial shade. It needs at least 4-6 hours of direct sunlight per day to produce enough energy for growth and blooming. However, harsh midday sun or direct afternoon sun should be avoided as it may burn the leaves and flowers. In warmer regions, it grows well in partial shade, which provides a respite from the intense heat.
Temperature Requirements
Temperature plays an important role in the growth and development of Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff. It prefers warm temperatures with daytime temperatures ranging between 20°C-30°C (68°F-86°F) and night-time temperatures remaining above 15°C (60°F). Cooler temperatures can slow down or even stunt the growth of the plant. Therefore, it should be grown in warm regions or in a warm microclimate.
Soil Requirements
Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff prefers a rich, well-draining soil with a pH of 6.0-7.5. It does not tolerate waterlogged soil or soil that stays wet for prolonged periods as it can lead to root rot or fungal diseases. Therefore, it requires soil that is well-draining, and loose, fertile soil that can hold moisture while providing good aeration. Adding organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure is beneficial as it improves soil texture while adding nutrients.
Cultivation Methods for Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff
The Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff plant thrives best in warm climates with plenty of sun exposure. It requires well-drained, sandy soil that's rich in organic matter. When planting, ensure you space the plants about 6-8 inches apart and dig holes that are deep enough to accommodate the root ball.
For best results, plant during the spring season when soil temperatures are between 60 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit. Mulching around the plant can help maintain soil temperature, protect the root system, and prevent the growth of weeds.
Watering Needs for Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff
The Bidens grantii plant is relatively drought tolerant but requires regular watering to establish a deep root system, especially during the first growing season after planting. Always ensure the soil is moist to a depth of at least eight inches. During periods of extreme heat or water scarcity, water deeply twice a week for optimal growth.
For Bidens grantii plants grown in pots or containers, ensure the soil is consistently moist, as container soil dries out faster than ground soil. Plants grown in containers generally require more watering than those grown in the ground.
Fertilizing Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff
Fertilize Bidens grantii plants with organic fertilizers during the growing season to improve their growth, blooming, and resistance to diseases. A balanced fertilizer, such as a 10-10-10 ratio, is ideal for Bidens grantii. Apply the fertilizer about three times a year: after the plant's first bloom, another in mid-summer, and the last application in late summer.
During the first year of planting your Bidens grantii Sherff var. stapfii plant, apply a slow-release fertilizer, and incorporate it into the soil. Never apply fertilizer to a dry soil, and always water the plant after fertilizing.
Pruning Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff
Pruning Bidens grantii plants involves removing dead or damaged parts, encouraging bushier growth and controlling its size. Always prune your plant after the first flowering season in the late summer.
Cut back the plant to about two or three inches above the soil, and apply a slow-release fertilizer or organic compost. This promotes root growth, restores nutrients, and encourages better air circulation around the plant's canopy. This process also improves its flowering potential and provides you with a healthier bidens grantii plant.
Propagation of Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff
Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff can be propagated through different methods such as by seed, cuttings, and division.
Seed Propagation
Seed propagation is the easiest way to propagate Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff. Collect the seeds from the plant after the blooming season. Sow the seeds in the soil mix of peat moss and perlite and cover them with a thin layer of soil. Water the seeds regularly and keep them in a warm and bright place. The seeds will germinate within 7 to 10 days.
Cuttings Propagation
Take the cutting from the mature plant when it is in its active growing stage. The cutting should be taken with a pruning shear keeping a node at the bottom. Cut off the leaves from the bottom of the cutting and dip the cut end in the rooting hormone. Plant the cutting in the soil mix of peat moss and sand, keep it moist and in a warm place. It will start rooting within 2 to 3 weeks.
Division Propagation
The mature plant can be propagated by division in the early spring. Dig up the plant carefully and separate it into a few smaller clumps. Place the smaller clumps into a well-draining soil mix and make sure to water them thoroughly to help establish the new roots.
Disease and Pest Management for Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff
Bidens grantii (Oliv.) Sherff var. stapfii Sherff, also known as Grant's beggartick, is a plant that belongs to the family Asteraceae. Proper disease and pest management is important for healthy growth and yield of this plant.
Common Diseases
Bidens grantii is susceptible to several diseases, such as:
- Leaf spot: This disease is caused by the fungus Cercospora bidensicola and appears as circular, brown spots on the leaves. To manage this disease, it is recommended to remove infected leaves and dispose of them properly. Fungicides like copper-based sprays can also help in controlling leaf spot.
- Root rot: It is caused by several soil-borne fungi, including Pythium and Fusarium. The disease causes the plant to wilt, and the roots appear discolored. Avoid overwatering the plant, and make sure the soil has proper drainage. Fungicides can also be applied to prevent root rot.
- Powdery mildew: This disease is caused by the fungus Erysiphe cichoracearum and appears as a white, powdery coating on the leaves. Good air circulation and proper spacing between plants can help in managing this disease. Fungicides like sulfur or neem oil can also be used to control powdery mildew.
Common Pests
Some common pests that can affect Bidens grantii are:
- Aphids: These small, soft-bodied insects feed on the sap of the plant, causing it to deform and yellow. Natural predators like ladybugs and lacewings can help in controlling aphids. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can also be effective in getting rid of these pests.
- Spider mites: These tiny arachnids feed on the underside of the leaves, causing them to appear speckled and discolored. They thrive in hot and dry conditions. Spraying the plant with water regularly can help in controlling spider mites. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can also be used.
- Caterpillars: The larvae of some moths and butterflies can feed on the leaves and flowers of Bidens grantii. Handpicking and removing the caterpillars can help in controlling their infestation. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) can also be used as a biological control for caterpillars.
Proper sanitation and hygiene practices like removing dead plant material and cleaning gardening tools can also help in preventing the spread of diseases and pests.
