Overview
Bidens discoidea, also known as Torr. & Gray and Britt., is a species of flowering plant in the aster family, Asteraceae. This native plant to North America is commonly known as Small-fruited Beggarticks or Small-fruited Bur-Marigold.
Appearance
The Bidens discoidea plant grows up to 1 meter in height and 0.6 meters in width. The leaves of this plant are elongated, about 5-7 cm long, and 1 cm wide. They are positioned opposite to each other on the stem. The plant produces small yellow flowers that are about 1.5 cm in diameter. The flowerheads have both ray and disk flowers that bloom between June and October.
Uses
Bidens discoidea has medicinal, ornamental, and ecological uses. Native American tribes used the plant's leaves or roots to make remedies for various ailments, including colds and flu. The plant's flowers and leaves are used to make tea to reduce inflammation and promote digestive and respiratory health. The plant also attracts butterflies, bees, and other pollinators, making it useful for insect conservation. In landscaping, the plant is used as an ornamental in wetland habitats or naturalized areas where the soil is moist.
Bidens discoidea is also a popular plant in hydroponic farming because it easily grows in water. The plant's roots absorb nutrients from water, making it an ideal candidate for the soilless method of cultivation. The hydroponic farming industry uses this plant to grow leafy greens and other vegetables without soil.
Light Conditions
Bidens discoidea (Torr. & Gray) Britt. thrives in full sunlight or partial shade. It is a relatively hardy plant that can grow in direct sunlight, provided the soil retains sufficient moisture to support its growth. However, shaded boggy environments are ideal for this plant.
Temperature Requirements
Bidens discoidea is a plant that is native to North America and typically grows in temperate regions. In general, the plant can withstand cool to warm temperatures ranging from 15-25°C (60-77°F), but it has been known to survive in temperatures as low as -5°C (23°F). Higher temperatures can be tolerated provided the soil retains sufficient moisture.
Soil Requirements
For the best growth of Bidens discoidea, a moist soil is preferred. It prefers slightly acidic soil conditions with a pH range of 5.5-6.5. The plant requires a medium with rich organic matter content for its survival. It thrives well in loamy, sand, peat, and clay soils but prefers a well-draining sandy soil. The plant is known for its ability to grow in wet soils, making it suitable for placement near water sources such as riverbanks or ponds.
Cultivation Methods
Bidens discoidea (Torr. & Gray) Britt., commonly known as Arizona beggarticks, is a herbaceous perennial that prefers full sunlight to partial shade. It thrives in well-draining soils and can tolerate dry conditions, making it an ideal choice for gardens in arid regions. Plant the seeds in early spring or late summer, and ensure that they receive enough sunlight and water for germination. Space the plants about 6 to 12 inches apart, depending on the expected size at maturity.
Watering Needs
Bidens discoidea requires moderate watering, and the soil should be kept moist but not overly saturated. In hot and dry weather conditions, it may require more water. It is best to water the plant in the morning to prevent the evaporation of moisture caused by the sun's heat. Avoid watering the leaves, as this could lead to fungal infections.
Fertilization
Bidens discoidea does not require a lot of fertilization. However, adding a small amount of organic fertilizer during planting or after pruning can help the plant grow. Fertilize the plant every four to six weeks during the growing season. Avoid overfertilizing, as this can lead to excess vegetative growth and reduced flowering.
Pruning
Pruning is not necessary for healthy growth of Bidens discoidea. However, if you want to keep the plant looking neat and tidy or to manage its size, pruning can be performed in late fall or early spring. Cut back the stems to about 6 to 8 inches above the ground. This will encourage more dense growth and a profusion of blooms during the next growing season.
Propagation methods for Bidens discoidea (Torr. & Gray) Britt.
Bidens discoidea (Torr. & Gray) Britt., commonly known as the smallfruit beggarticks, is a North American plant species that is a member of the sunflower family. Propagation of the plant can be done through either seed propagation or stem cutting propagation.
Seed propagation
Propagation of Bidens discoidea through seed is a straightforward process. Seeds are collected from mature plants and can be sown immediately or stored for later sowing. The seeds must be sown outdoors in the spring after the last frost or in the fall. Planting the seeds directly into the soil is the best method since Bidens discoidea does not transplant well. The seeds should be sown in a well-draining soil mix, covered with a light layer of soil, and kept moist until germination, which typically occurs within 14-21 days.
Stem cutting propagation
Bidens discoidea can also be propagated through stem cuttings, although this method can be more difficult. Cuttings should be taken from young and healthy plants in the spring or summer. The cutting should be around 4-6 inches long and should include several leaves and nodes. Remove the bottom leaves and dip the cut end of the stem into rooting hormone powder. Plant the cutting in a well-draining soil mix and keep the soil moist until roots begin to form, which can take several weeks to a month. Once the roots have formed, the new plant can be transplanted into a larger container or outdoors.
Disease Management for Bidens discoidea (Torr. & Gray) Britt.
Bidens discoidea (Torr. & Gray) Britt. is generally a healthy and hardy plant. However, it is still susceptible to some diseases. The most common diseases that affect this plant include:
- Leaf spot: This disease is characterized by brown to black spots that appear on the leaves. It is caused by a fungus that thrives in moist conditions. To manage this disease, it is important to ensure proper air circulation around the plant by spacing them properly. You can also apply a fungicide to control the spread of the disease.
- Powdery mildew: This disease is characterized by a white powdery substance that appears on the leaves. It is caused by a fungal infection and tends to thrive in humid conditions. To manage this disease, you can try applying a fungicide or using a solution of baking soda and water.
- Root rot: This disease is caused by a fungus that thrives in excessively moist conditions. It causes the roots to become dark and mushy. To manage this disease, it is important to ensure proper drainage around the plant. This can be achieved by planting the plant in well-draining soil and avoiding overwatering.
Pest Management for Bidens discoidea (Torr. & Gray) Britt.
While Bidens discoidea (Torr. & Gray) Britt. is generally resistant to pests, there are some pests that may still affect the plant. The most common pests that affect this plant include:
- Aphids: These are small, soft-bodied insects that tend to congregate on the underside of leaves. They suck the sap from the plant, which can weaken it. To manage aphids, you can try blasting them off the plant with a strong jet of water or using an insecticidal soap.
- Caterpillars: These are the larvae of moths and butterflies. They usually eat the leaves of the plant, causing them to become tattered and ragged. To manage caterpillars, you can pick them off the plant by hand or use an insecticide.
- Spider mites: These are small, spider-like insects that live on the underside of leaves. They suck the sap from the plant, which can cause it to become discolored and weakened. To manage spider mites, you can try blasting them off the plant with a strong jet of water or using an insecticidal soap.
