Overview
Bidens coronata (L.) Britt. var. brachyodonta Fern. is a plant species that belongs to the family Asteraceae.
Origin
The plant is native to the southeastern parts of the United States, particularly in Florida and Georgia. It is sometimes also found in parts of Alabama and South Carolina.
Common Names
The plant is commonly known by several names, including southern tickseed, crowned beggartick, and Spanish needle.
Uses
The plant has some medicinal uses, and the leaves and stems can be used to make a tea that is used to treat various ailments, such as colds, stomach aches, and menstrual cramps. The leaves are sometimes used externally to treat skin conditions such as eczema and poison ivy. Despite its medicinal uses, this plant is also considered to be a weed in many areas and is known for its ability to quickly spread and grow in disturbed areas.
General Appearance
Bidens coronata (L.) Britt. var. brachyodonta Fern. is a herbaceous plant that can grow up to 3 feet tall. It has serrated leaves that are oval in shape and can be up to 4 inches long. The plant produces bright yellow flowers that are about an inch in diameter and have a central disk that is also yellow. The flowers bloom from July to September. The plant produces small, barbed seeds that can stick to clothing and animal fur, which is why it is sometimes referred to as "tickseed" or "beggar's ticks."
Light Requirements
Bidens coronata (L.) Britt. var. brachyodonta Fern. typically grows best in full sunlight or partial shade.
Temperature Requirements
Bidens coronata (L.) Britt. var. brachyodonta Fern. is a hardy plant that can tolerate a wide range of temperatures. It is typically found in regions with a temperate climate, with average annual temperatures ranging from 15-25°C (59-77°F). However, it can also tolerate colder temperatures, down to around -10°C (14°F).
Soil Requirements
Bidens coronata (L.) Britt. var. brachyodonta Fern. prefers moist, well-drained soils rich in organic matter. It can grow in a variety of soil types, including sandy loam, clay loam, and silt loam. However, it does not tolerate waterlogged or poorly drained soils. The ideal pH range for this plant is slightly acidic to neutral, with a range of 6.0-7.5.
Cultivation Methods
Bidens coronata (L.) Britt. var. brachyodonta Fern. is primarily cultivated in a bed that receives partial sunlight. The plant requires well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter to thrive. For planting, dig holes that are twice as wide as the root ball of the plant. Make sure to space the plants about 12 inches apart. The ideal time for planting is in the spring, but it can also be done in the fall.
Watering Needs
Bidens coronata (L.) Britt. var. brachyodonta Fern. requires regular watering to ensure that the soil is evenly moist. However, make sure to avoid over-watering, as it can cause root rot and other issues. The frequency of watering will depend on the soil type and weather conditions. Generally, it is recommended to water the plant once a week. However, during hot and dry weather, twice a week may be necessary. Always check the soil moisture level before watering.
Fertilization
Bidens coronata (L.) Britt. var. brachyodonta Fern. requires regular fertilization to ensure optimum growth. Apply a slow-release fertilizer once a month during the growing season, from early spring to late summer. Use a balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 or similar. Fertilize the plant sparingly during the fall and winter.
Pruning
Bidens coronata (L.) Britt. var. brachyodonta Fern. requires little pruning. Remove yellow or wilted leaves as they appear throughout the growing season. Deadheading the plant after flowering is finished helps to promote continued blooming. If necessary, the plant can be trimmed back lightly in the fall to maintain a tidy appearance. Avoid heavy pruning as it can negatively impact the plant's growth and flowering.
Propagation Methods of Bidens coronata (L.) Britt. var. brachyodonta Fern.
Propagation of Bidens coronata (L.) Britt. var. brachyodonta Fern. can be achieved through various methods, which include seed propagation and vegetative propagation.
Seed Propagation
The most common method of propagating Bidens coronata (L.) Britt. var. brachyodonta Fern. is through seed propagation. Seeds can be obtained from mature plants and dried flower heads. To improve the germination rate, the seeds should be stratified for two weeks before planting. This can be done by storing the seeds in a refrigerator at 4°C-5°C. The seeds should be sown in well-draining soil in early spring and covered with a thin layer of soil. Water the seeds regularly and keep them in a warm and sunny location until they have reached maturity and can be transplanted into their permanent location.
Vegetative Propagation
Bidens coronata (L.) Britt. var. brachyodonta Fern. can also be propagated vegetatively using stem cuttings or division. Stem cuttings can be taken from mature plants during the growing season. The cutting should be taken from the top of the plant and should be approximately six inches long. The lower leaves should be removed, and the cutting should be planted in a well-draining soil mix. It should be kept moist and placed in a warm and sunny location until it forms roots. Division can be done in early spring by carefully separating the plant and replanting each section in a separate container or in the ground.
Disease Management for Bidens coronata (L.) Britt. var. brachyodonta Fern.
Bidens coronata var. brachyodonta is generally a hardy plant and is not prone to many diseases; however, it can be affected by fungal and bacterial pathogens under certain conditions. Here are some common diseases that can affect the Bidens plant:
- Leaf Spot: This fungal disease causes brown or gray spots on leaves, leading to defoliation. It can be controlled by removing infected leaves and improving air circulation around the plant.
- Powdery Mildew: This fungal disease appears as a white powdery coating on leaves. It can be controlled by spraying the plant with a fungicide containing sulfur or potassium bicarbonate.
- Bacterial Blight: This bacterial disease causes blackened or brown streaks on stems and leaves. It can be controlled by removing infected parts of the plant and avoiding overhead watering.
Pest Management for Bidens coronata (L.) Britt. var. brachyodonta Fern.
Bidens coronata var. brachyodonta is generally resistant to pests. However, it can be attacked by some pests that can weaken or damage the plant. Here are some common pests that can attack the Bidens plant:
- Aphids: These sap-sucking insects can stunt plant growth and transmit viruses. They can be controlled by spraying the plant with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Spider Mites: These tiny pests can cause damage to leaves, leading to yellowing or web-like structures. They can be controlled by spraying the plant with a miticide or washing the plant with water.
- Thrips: These insects feed on leaves and flowers, causing them to distort and turn brown. They can be controlled by applying beneficial nematodes or spraying the plant with insecticidal soap.
