Overview
Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz, commonly known as Abyssinian agrimony or black-jack, is a flowering plant species in the family Asteraceae. This plant is native to Africa and Asia, and it has been introduced to other parts of the world as an ornamental plant.
Description
Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz is an annual or short-lived perennial herb with a slender, erect or ascending stem that can grow up to 60 cm tall. The plant is mostly hairless, and its leaves are pinnately compound, with toothed leaflets. The plant produces yellow flowerheads that are about 1 cm in diameter and bloom from summer through fall. The seeds are flat, elongated, and topped with two small, needle-shaped barbs, which attach easily to anything that brushes against them.
Uses
Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz has several uses. In traditional medicine, the plant is used to treat a variety of ailments, including diarrhea, fever, and headaches. The plant has also been used in a variety of other ways, such as a dye source, flavoring agent, and insect repellent. Furthermore, Abyssinian agrimony is grown as an ornamental plant, and it is often used to create borders and mass plantings in gardens due to its attractive yellow flowers.
General Appearance
Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz is a slender and erect plant that grows up to 60 cm tall. The leaves are pinnately compound and the flowers are yellow, blooming from summer through fall. The seeds are flat, elongated, and topped with two small, needle-shaped barbs.
Overall, Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz is a fascinating plant species that has a variety of traditional uses and is also grown as an ornamental plant.Light Requirements
Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz typically grows in areas that receive full sunlight. This plant thrives in bright conditions and requires at least six hours of direct sunlight each day. If grown indoors, it is advisable to place the plant near bright windows where it can access ample natural light.
Temperature Requirements
As a tropical plant, Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz grows well in warm temperatures ranging from 20°C to 30°C. The plant cannot tolerate frosty conditions and will die off in temperatures below 10°C. To create the best conditions for Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz to thrive, it is important to keep the temperature above 15°C.
Soil Requirements
For optimal growth, Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz requires well-draining soil that is nutrient-rich. A pH range of 6.0 to 7.5 is ideal for this plant. It is advisable to include a mixture of organic matter, such as compost, to improve soil fertility. Good soil drainage helps prevent waterlogging, which can lead to root rot and other diseases.
Cultivation methods for Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz
Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz can be cultivated both indoors and outdoors. When growing indoors, it is essential to provide adequate light since this plant requires a lot of sunshine to thrive. Outdoors, this plant grows well in well-drained soil with plenty of organic matter to promote good drainage.
Watering needs
Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz prefers moist soil, making it essential to water this plant regularly. It is recommended to water this plant deeply once a week or when the topsoil feels dry to the touch.
Fertilization
Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz requires proper fertilization to promote healthy growth and flowering. You can apply an all-purpose water-soluble fertilizer to this plant every two weeks during its active growth period. During the plant's dormant or low growth period, reduce the frequency of fertilization to once a month.
Pruning
Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz benefits from pruning to produce more flowers and promote healthier growth. Prune this plant's stems after the flowers have wilted to encourage new growth and promote a bushier appearance. It is also recommended to remove dead or damaged leaves regularly to keep the plant looking tidy and healthy.
Propagation Methods of Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz
Bidens chinensis is a perennial plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family and is commonly known as Beggar-ticks, Romerillo, or Japanese needles. Propagation of this plant is possible through several methods, the most common of which are:
Seed Propagation
The easiest method of propagation for Bidens chinensis is through seeds. The seeds should be sown in a well-draining medium and kept moist till germination. Once seedlings are established, they can be transplanted into their final location in the garden or vegetable patch. This method is effective in reproducing large numbers of the plant, and the plants grown this way are relatively uniform in terms of height and color.
Division
An effective propagation method for older specimens of Bidens chinensis is division. The process should be carried out in early spring when the plant has just come out of dormancy. This involves gently removing the plant from its bed and separating it into smaller sections, each with its own set of roots and stems. These sections should then be re-planted as soon as possible in well-draining soil and kept moist till they are established.
Cuttings
Cuttings are an effective propagation method for Bidens chinensis. This method involves taking a cutting from the stem of the plant and rooting it in a well-draining medium. Hardwood cuttings are taken in spring, while softwood cuttings are taken from newer growth in summer. These cuttings should be kept in a warm, moist environment till they begin to root.
It is worth noting that successful propagation should correspond to environmental conditions for this plant. Furthermore, propagation through seeds works well with herbs, such as Bidens chinensis.
Disease and Pest Management for Bidens Chinensis (L.) Willd. Var. Abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz
Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz is a hardy and resilient plant that thrives in a variety of conditions. However, like all plants, it is vulnerable to disease and pest infestations. Here are some common diseases and pests to look out for and techniques on how to manage them.
Common Diseases
Fungal leaf spots: This plant can be vulnerable to fungal infections that manifest as circular, brownish-gray spots on the leaves. Over time, these spots may grow and join together, leading to defoliation and stunted growth. To manage fungal leaf spots, ensure proper spacing between plants, provide good air circulation and avoid overhead irrigation. Fungicides may be used in severe cases.
Crown rot: This disease starts at the base of the plant and is caused by fungi that reside in soil. The plant may wilt and die as the fungi attack the roots. Poor drainage and overwatering can exacerbate the situation. To manage crown rot, avoid planting in poorly drained soil, avoid overwatering and maintain proper plant spacing. Fungicides may be used in severe cases.
Powdery mildew: Powdery mildew appears as a whitish-gray powdery coating on the foliage. This is caused by fungal infections and can lead to reduced photosynthesis and yield loss. To manage powdery mildew, remove infected plant parts, water at the base of the plant, provide good air circulation, and use fungicides if necessary.
Common Pests
Aphids: These small, pear-shaped insects can be found feeding on the sap of the plant, leading to distorted growth and reduced plant vigor. They also secrete honeydew, which attracts ants and promotes the growth of sooty molds. To manage aphids, blast them off the plant with a strong stream of water, apply insecticidal soap or neem oil, and encourage natural predators like ladybugs.
Caterpillars: Caterpillars can be voracious eaters, resulting in defoliation and reduced yield. They can be identified by the presence of frass or droppings on the foliage. To manage caterpillars, handpick them when feasible or use Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) or spinosad, which are effective in targeting caterpillars.
Spider mites: These tiny bugs can cause yellowing and stippling on the foliage, leading to a reduction in plant vigor. They thrive in hot and dry conditions and can rapidly increase in numbers. To manage spider mites, increase humidity levels around the plant, use insecticidal soap or neem oil, and encourage natural predators like predatory mites.
In summary, Bidens chinensis (L.) Willd. var. abyssinicus (Sch.Bip.) O.E.Schulz can be vulnerable to a variety of diseases and pests. However, by implementing proper cultural practices and using appropriate control techniques, it is possible to manage and prevent infestations. Always try to use non-chemical methods first and reserve chemical controls as a last resort.
