Origin and Common Names
Bidens cernua L. var. minima (Huds.) Pursh, commonly known as Nodding Bur Marigold, is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. The plant is native to North America, growing mostly in wetlands and marshes. It can be found all over the United States, from the east coast to the west coast.Uses
The Nodding Bur Marigold has several medicinal properties and has been used by indigenous communities for centuries. The plant's roots and leaves can be boiled to create a tea with anti-inflammatory properties that helps relieve headaches, joint pain, and other ailments. It can also be used as a diuretic, to help with urinary tract infections and overall kidney health.General Appearance
The Nodding Bur Marigold is a perennial plant with a height and spread of around 30-60 cm. The plant has a dark green stem and leaves that are elliptical and serrated, growing up to 7 cm in length. It produces yellow flowers that are around 2-3 cm in diameter, with ray and disk florets. The flower heads nod gracefully on the ends of the branches, which gives the plant its common name. The plant blooms from July to October and attracts pollinators such as bees and butterflies. The Nodding Bur Marigold prefers wet soils and partial shade, but it can also grow in full sun. Overall, it is a beautiful and useful plant that brings color and natural remedies to wetlands and marshes.Light requirements
Bidens cernua L. var. minima (Huds.) Pursh grows best in full sun, although it can tolerate some shade. It requires at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day to grow and flower properly. Without sufficient light, the plant may become leggy and produce fewer flowers.
Temperature requirements
Although Bidens cernua L. var. minima (Huds.) Pursh can tolerate some cold temperatures, it prefers warm weather and requires a minimum nighttime temperature of 50°F (10°C). The ideal temperature range for the plant is between 65-85°F (18-29°C). Exposure to frost will damage the foliage, but the plant will regrow in warmer conditions.
Soil requirements
Bidens cernua L. var. minima (Huds.) Pursh prefers a well-draining soil that retains moisture but does not become waterlogged. It can tolerate a wide range of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. The pH level of the soil should be between 6.0-7.5, which is slightly acidic to neutral. The plant requires regular watering, and the soil should not be allowed to dry out completely between waterings.
Cultivation Methods
Bidens cernua L. var. minima (Huds.) Pursh, commonly known as small-flowered tickseed, is an easy-to-cultivate plant that thrives in a wide range of soils and growing conditions. It can be grown either as an annual or a perennial, depending on the climatic conditions of the area. It can be propagated through seeds or cuttings, and the best time for planting is in the spring.
Watering Needs
Bidens cernua L. var. minima requires regular watering to thrive. However, it is essential not to overwater, as it may lead to root rot. The frequency of watering will vary depending on the soil type, temperature, and humidity. Generally, it is best to water when the topsoil becomes dry to the touch. A layer of mulch around the base of the plant can help retain moisture in the soil.
Fertilization
Fertilization is crucial for the optimal growth of Bidens cernua L. var. minima. A balanced fertilizer with equal parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium should be applied every four weeks during the growing season. Alternatively, organic fertilizers like compost, aged manure, or bone meal can be used. Avoid over-fertilizing, as it can lead to excessive growth and weak stems.
Pruning
Bidens cernua L. var. minima does not require extensive pruning. However, deadheading the spent flowers can help prolong the blooming period and encourage the growth of new flowers. Additionally, removing the dead or damaged branches can help maintain the plant's overall health and appearance. Pruning should be done during the dormant season, i.e., in the fall or early spring before new growth begins.
Propagation of Bidens cernua L. var. minima (Huds.) Pursh
Bidens cernua L. var. minima (Huds.) Pursh, commonly known as the small beggartick or nodding bur marigold, is a herbaceous, annual plant that belongs to the family Asteraceae. The plant has tiny yellow flowers that bloom from summer to fall, and it is native to North America.
Propagation Methods
Bidens cernua L. var. minima (Huds.) Pursh can be propagated through both seed and vegetative methods.
Seed Propagation
The seeds of Bidens cernua L. var. minima can be sown directly into the soil in early spring or after the last frost. Before sowing the seeds, the soil should be well-drained and moist. The seeds should be sown at a depth of 1/8 inch and spaced 12 inches apart. Germination occurs within 7 to 14 days if the soil is kept moist.
Vegetative Propagation
Bidens cernua L. var. minima can also be propagated through cuttings. To do this, take 2-3 inches long stem cuttings from healthy plants, and remove the lower leaves on the cutting. Dip the end of the stem in rooting hormone, and plant it in a well-drained soil mix. Water thoroughly, and cover the cutting with a plastic bag to increase humidity. Keep the pot in a warm and bright location; roots should appear in 2-3 weeks.
It should be noted that Bidens cernua L. var. minima self-seeds readily, and extra care should be taken to prevent spreading in the garden.
Disease Management
Bidens cernua L. var. minima (Huds.) Pursh, commonly known as Nodding beggarticks, is susceptible to various fungal and bacterial infections. Here are some common diseases that might affect the plant:
- Powdery Mildew: It is a fungal disease characterized by a powdery white coating on the plant's leaves. It affects the plant's ability to absorb sunlight and leads to reduced growth and yield. To manage this disease, it is crucial to maintain proper air circulation and avoid overcrowding of the plants. Application of neem oil or sulfur-based fungicides can also help control powdery mildew.
- Leaf Spot: It is a bacterial disease that causes circular spots on the plant's leaves. As the disease progresses, these spots turn yellow and lead to defoliation. The use of copper-based fungicides or antibiotics can help manage leaf spot disease. Regular plant hygiene practices like removing diseased plant debris can also prevent the spread of the disease.
- Rust: It is a fungal disease characterized by yellow or orange pustules on the plant leaves. These pustules release spores that can spread the disease. To manage rust, it is essential to remove infected plant parts and apply copper-based fungicides.
Pest Management
Besides diseases, Bidens cernua L. var. minima (Huds.) Pursh is also prone to attack by various insect pests. Here are some common pests that might affect the plant and ways to manage them:
- Aphids: They are small, soft-bodied insects that feed on plant sap and excrete honeydew, leading to stunted plant growth. The application of insecticidal soap or neem oil can help control aphids. Alternatively, releasing beneficial insects like ladybugs that prey on aphids is also effective.
- Spider mites: They are tiny arachnids that suck plant sap, leading to yellowing and defoliation of the plant. To manage spider mites, it is crucial to maintain proper humidity levels, as dry conditions favor their growth. Application of insecticidal soap or neem oil can help control spider mites.
- Thrips: They are slender, winged insects that feed on plant sap and cause white streaks on the leaves. To manage thrips, application of insecticidal soap or neem oil can help control their population. Regular pruning of affected leaves and maintenance of proper hygiene can also prevent thrips from spreading.
