Description of Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff var. glabrata (Vatke) Sherff
Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff var. glabrata (Vatke) Sherff, commonly known as smooth beggarticks or glabrous swamp beggar-ticks, is a species of the Asteraceae family. It is a herbaceous plant that grows up to a height of 4 feet and is native to North America. This plant species prefers wet soil, and it is found in swampy areas, along streams, and in wetlands.
The Appearance of Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff var. glabrata (Vatke) Sherff
The smooth beggarticks plant species have leaves that are oppositely arranged, lanceolate, and serrated. The flowers of this species are yellow and are arranged in clusters that form an inflorescence. The clusters of this plant hang down, giving it the appearance of being weeping. The fruits of this plant are achenes that have barbed awns that stick to anything that comes into contact with them. These awns act as a mechanism for the dispersal of the fruits.
Uses of Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff var. glabrata (Vatke) Sherff
Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff var. glabrata (Vatke) Sherff is used for medicinal purposes. The roots and leaves of the plant are used as a natural remedy for rheumatism and arthritis. The extract made from the plant's roots has analgesic properties that make it an effective painkiller. Additionally, the plant species is used as food for livestock.
The plant species can also be used in landscaping due to its attractive features. Due to its ability to tolerate wet soil, it is a useful plant for wetland restoration projects. Additionally, it is a food source for some insects and birds.
Light Requirements
The Bidens biternata var. glabrata plant prefers full sun exposure, which means it needs at least six hours of direct sunlight per day. It can also tolerate partial shade, but full shade inhibits its growth. In areas with hot summers, partial shade can protect the plant from heat stress.
Temperature Requirements
The Bidens biternata var. glabrata plant can grow well within a wide range of temperatures. The optimal temperature for its growth is between 20°C to 25°C. However, it can survive in temperature conditions ranging between 10°C to 35°C. The plant may die or become unhealthy if exposed to temperatures below 0°C or above 40°C.
Soil Requirements
The Bidens biternata var. glabrata plant thrives well in well-drained, moist soils with a neutral pH range of 6.5 – 7.5. It can grow well in a range of soil types, but prefers loamy or sandy soils. The plant prefers well-fertilized soils. Organic material, such as compost and manure, can improve the soil's fertility, texture, and drainage, thus enhancing the plant’s growth.
Cultivation methods
Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff var. glabrata (Vatke) Sherff is a perennial plant that grows well in well-drained soil. It prefers full sun but also grows well in partial shade. The plant can be propagated through seedling or stem cuttings and can be planted in containers or directly in garden soil. It is ideal to plant Bidens biternata during the fall season, and the soil temperature should be around 70°F.
Watering needs
Bidens biternata requires regular watering to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. The plant can tolerate short periods of drought but will perform better when watered regularly. It is advisable to water the plant deeply once or twice a week, depending on the weather conditions.
Fertilization
Bidens biternata requires regular fertilization to ensure healthy growth and flowering. A balanced fertilizer with equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, in a ratio of 10-10-10, can be used every four weeks during the growing season. However, be sure to follow the instructions on the fertilizer package carefully, as Bidens biternata can be sensitive to over-fertilization.
Pruning
Bidens biternata requires minimal pruning, but removing spent flowers regularly will encourage the plant to produce more flowers. Pinching back the growing tips of Bidens biternata can help promote bushier growth and more branching, resulting in a fuller and more attractive plant. Pruning can be done in the early spring season or early fall before winter dormancy.
Propagation of Bidens Biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff var. Glabrata (Vatke) Sherff
Bidens biternata is a hardy plant that can thrive in various conditions, and propagating it is easy. This plant can be propagated through seeds, stem cuttings, and division of root clumps. Each of the methods has its advantages and disadvantages, and one needs to consider the available resources and the purpose of propagation.
Propagation by Seed
Propagating Bidens biternata by seed is the most natural method since it reproduces the plant's genetic characteristics. Sow the seeds in a well-draining potting mix in a shallow container, and keep it consistently moist. Germination occurs in 7-14 days. Transplant the seedlings outdoors after they develop their second set of leaves and the weather is conducive.
Propagation by Stem Cuttings
Propagating through stem cuttings is also an efficient method. Select a stem and make a clean cut just below a node. The stem cutting should be about 4-6 inches long and have some mature leaves. Dip the cut end in rooting hormone powder and plant it in a well-draining potting mix. Keep the soil moist and cover the cutting with a plastic bag to maintain humidity. After two weeks, the cutting should have started developing roots, and you can transplant it to its permanent location.
Propagation by Division of Root Clumps
Propagation by division of root clumps is the best method for Bidens biternata. Wait until the plant is dormant in the winter, then dig up a clump and divide it. Separate the plant into small sections, each with a piece of root and stem. Replant the sections in their permanent location. Ensure you water the newly planted sections regularly for them to establish themselves in their new location.
Disease and Pest Management for Bidens Biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff var. Glabrata (Vatke) Sherff
Bidens biternata is generally a healthy plant that exhibits good resistance to most pests and diseases. However, there are a few things that can affect the health of this plant, and it is essential to take precautions to prevent infestations.
Common Pests
One of the most common pests that affect Bidens biternata is the spider mite. These tiny pests can quickly spread and cause significant damage to the plant. They thrive in hot and dry conditions and can be difficult to detect until the damage is done. If you notice webbing or tiny yellow or white dots on the leaves, you may have a spider mite infestation. To manage this, spray the plant with a stream of water regularly to keep them away. Also, consider using insecticides, such as neem oil, to control the infestation.
Aphids are another pest that can cause severe damage to Bidens biternata. They feed on the sap of the plant, causing it to weaken and potentially die. You can control aphids by spraying the plants with soapy water or a mixture of water and vinegar. Alternatively, purchase and release ladybugs, which are natural predators of aphids.
Common Diseases
Bidens biternata can be affected by a few types of diseases, including fungal infections and root rot. Fungal infections, such as powdery mildew or rust, can be identified by the appearance of white or rusty patches on the leaves. To manage this, it's essential to practice good sanitation by removing any diseased plant parts and providing proper air circulation and sunlight to the plant.
Root rot occurs when the plant's roots become waterlogged and begin to rot. This disease can cause the plant to wilt and die. To prevent this, ensure that the plant is growing in well-draining soil. If root rot does occur, it may be possible to save the plant by re-potting it or moving it to a new location with better drainage.
In conclusion, managing pests and diseases is vital for the healthy growth of Bidens biternata. Regularly inspect the plant for any signs of infestations or diseases and take necessary actions to prevent them from occurring. Providing the plant with the right growing conditions, such as adequate sunlight and well-draining soil, can also help to prevent these problems.
