Origin
Begonia bequaertii Robyns & Lawalrée, commonly known as the Begonia bequaertii, is a member of the Begoniaceae family. It originates from Central Africa, specifically Congo and Cameroon, where it is found growing on rocks, boulders, and cliffs in damp and shady areas.
Common Names
The Begonia bequaertii has several common names, including the offbeat moniker “Iron Cross Begonia” or just "Iron Cross," which refers to the dark, nearly black-brown cross-like markings on the upper side of its leaves. Other names include "Triangle Begonia" and "Star Begonia."
Uses
The Begonia bequaertii is a low-growing plant that is popular in both indoor and outdoor gardens. It is generally grown for its ornamental purposes, with its unique leaf design and coloration adding visual interest to any setting. It also makes an excellent hanging or trailing plant, which had contributed to its success as a popular houseplant for gardeners.
General Appearance
The Begonia bequaertii can grow up to 30cm in length and 20cm in height, with a spreading and trailing growth habit. Its leaves are triangular to oval-shaped, and are a glossy dark green on the top side with strikingly unique cross-like markings (which can range in color from brown to black), hence the plant’s nickname, “Iron Cross Begonia.” Underneath, the leaves are bright red which creates a vibrant contrast against the dark green of the upper side. It produces fleshy cream to pale pink flowers in sporadic intervals throughout the year.
Light Requirements
Begonia bequaertii Robyns & Lawalrée requires bright but indirect light. It can tolerate partial shade, but direct sunlight can scorch its leaves. Therefore, placing the plant in a north-facing window or providing filtered or diffused light is ideal for promoting healthy growth.
Temperature Requirements
The plant prefers temperatures between 60°F to 80°F (15.5°C to 26.5°C), which is typical for indoor temperatures. However, it is crucial not to expose the plant to temperatures below 55°F (12.7°C) or above 85°F (29.5°C), as this can cause damage to its leaves and hinder growth.
Soil Requirements
Begonia bequaertii Robyns & Lawalrée prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. A recommended potting mix often includes a combination of peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite. The soil pH should be slightly acidic (between 5.5 to 6.5) for optimal growth. Additionally, the plant needs to be in a pot with drainage holes to prevent waterlogging, which can cause root rot and eventually kill the plant.
Cultivation methods:
Begonia bequaertii is a rare species of Begonia that originates from tropical Africa. It is a rhizomatous perennial plant that grows up to 6 inches tall and 12 inches wide. The plant prefers a well-draining, rich, and humus soil mix that holds moisture but is not waterlogged.
Begonia bequaertii grows best in partial shade and needs protection from direct sunlight. An ideal temperature range for growing this plant is between 60-80°F. It can't tolerate extreme temperatures and frost. Hence, it is essential to provide protection during winter months.
Watering needs:
Begonia bequaertii requires moderate amounts of water to thrives. These plants like to be consistently moist, but not soaking wet. It would help if you watered the plant when the soil's top inch feels dry. Always avoid overwatering as it may lead to root rot.
It is generally advisable to use room temperature and top-water thoroughly. This ensures that the roots have access to adequate moisture content. It is crucial to note that Begonia bequaertii is sensitive to water quality. Therefore, it is recommendable to use either distilled or rainwater.
Fertilization:
Begonia bequaertii requires regular but light feeding throughout the growing season. It is advisable to use a half-strength fertilizer solution monthly. You can use a balanced fertilizer, preferably with equal amounts of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium (NPK).
During the winter months, you can reduce the fertilizer frequency to once every eight weeks. Never over-fertilize Begonia bequaertii since this can lead to weak growth and root damage.
Pruning:
Begonia bequaertii does not require severe pruning. It mostly needs some light maintenance. You can remove any dead, dying, or yellow leaves as soon as you spot them. Also, pinch back the stems regularly to encourage bushier growth.
It is advisable to prune away any leggy or spindly branches at the base since they may be weak to hold the plant's weight. Additionally, do not cut back more than one-third of the plant's foliage at a time.
Propagation of Begonia bequaertii Robyns & Lawalrée
Begonia bequaertii Robyns & Lawalrée can be propagated through several methods such as stem cuttings, leaf cuttings, and seed germination.
Stem Cuttings
Stem cuttings are the most common method of propagation for Begonia bequaertii Robyns & Lawalrée. Cut a stem with at least two nodes and remove the lower leaves. Dip the end of the cutting in rooting hormone and plant it in a well-draining soil mix. Keep the soil moist and cover the cutting with a plastic bag to maintain humidity. The cutting should root within a few weeks.
Leaf Cuttings
Begonia bequaertii Robyns & Lawalrée can also be propagated from leaf cuttings. Cut a leaf into small pieces, ensuring that each piece has a part of the central vein. Place the cuttings on a soil mix, making sure they're not touching, and cover them with plastic to retain moisture. Make sure to keep the soil mix moist but not soaked, and within a few weeks, new plants should start emerging.
Seed Germination
Propagation of Begonia bequaertii Robyns & Lawalrée through seed germination is also possible. Collect the seeds from the plant and plant them in a well-draining soil mix. Cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil, and keep the soil mix moist but not soaking. It is essential to ensure high humidity and a warm temperature to promote germination and seedling growth. The new plants should start emerging within two to three weeks.
Disease Management for Begonia bequaertii Robyns & Lawalrée
Begonia bequaertii Robyns & Lawalrée is susceptible to several diseases that can affect its growth and overall appearance. However, most diseases can be effectively managed through proper sanitation practices and the use of fungicides.
Botrytis Blight: This fungal disease can cause leaf spots, stem blight, and root rot in Begonia bequaertii. It thrives in cool, wet conditions and can spread rapidly in high humidity. To control this disease, remove infected plant debris, avoid overhead watering, and improve air circulation around the plant. If necessary, apply a fungicide containing chlorothalonil or thiophanate-methyl.
Pythium Root Rot: This soil-borne fungal disease can cause blackening and softening of roots, leading to wilting and death of the plant. To manage this disease, maintain proper soil drainage, avoid overwatering, and apply a fungicide containing mefenoxam or metalaxyl.
Phytophthora Crown Rot: This disease starts as a soft rot at the base of the stem and can lead to wilting and death of the plant. It is caused by a soil-borne fungus that thrives in warm, wet soil conditions. To control this disease, remove infected plant material, improve soil drainage, and avoid overhead watering. Apply a fungicide containing fosetyl-al, potassium phosphite, or metalaxyl.
Pest Management for Begonia bequaertii Robyns & Lawalrée
Begonia bequaertii Robyns & Lawalrée is also prone to pest infestations that can cause significant damage to the plant. Regular monitoring and early intervention can help manage pests effectively.
Spider mites: These tiny pests feed on the sap of leaves, causing stunted growth and yellowing of leaves. They thrive in dry, dusty conditions and can quickly spread to other plants. To control spider mites, use a spray bottle to direct a strong stream of water at the plant, which will dislodge the pests. Alternatively, apply insecticidal soap or neem oil to the leaves.
Mealybugs: These white, cottony pests feed on the sap of the plant, causing stunted growth and yellowing of leaves. They also secrete a sticky substance that can attract other pests and lead to the growth of black sooty mold. To control mealybugs, remove the insects with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol or apply insecticidal soap or neem oil to the leaves.
Thrips: These small, slender insects feed on the sap of leaves, causing silvering and distortion of leaves. They also transmit viruses that can affect the health of the plant. To control thrips, apply insecticidal soap or neem oil to the leaves or use yellow sticky traps to monitor populations.
Regular inspection and removal of infected or infested plant material, and maintenance of good cultural practices will go a long way in preventing or managing potential phytosanitary issues affecting Begonia bequaertii Robyns & Lawalrée.
