Overview
Becium urundense (Robyns & Lebrun) A.J.Paton is a herbaceous plant that belongs to the family Lamiaceae. It is commonly found in Africa and is known by several names in different regions, including "Umckaloabo" in South Africa, "Sondolozi" in Zimbabwe, and "Gomani" in Malawi.Appearance
This plant typically grows up to 90cm in height and has a woody base with various branches. The leaves are glossy and green, in the shape of an ellipse, with serrated margins. They are situated opposite each other and have a distinctly minty fragrance when crushed. The small, tubular flowers bloom in spikes and are pale yellow to pinkish in colour.Uses
The Becium urundense plant has various medicinal properties and has been traditionally used to treat several ailments. In South Africa, it is used to treat respiratory problems, including coughs, bronchitis, and asthma. It is also known to relieve fever and reduce inflammation. In Zimbabwe, it is used to alleviate stomach-related issues, such as indigestion, diarrhoea, and dysentery. The plant contains various active compounds, including triterpenes, flavonoids, and essential oils. These compounds are responsible for its therapeutic properties and have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-viral properties. Apart from its medicinal uses, the plant is also used in making essential oils and perfumes.Conclusion
Becium urundense is a herbaceous plant with numerous medicinal properties. It has been used extensively in African traditional medicine and continues to be valued for its anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-viral properties. The plant is easy to grow, and its extracts have found various industrial applications, making it an essential resource in many African communities.Growth Conditions of Becium urundense
Becium urundense, also known as the Urundi sage, is a perennial herb that is native to the Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania. This plant typically grows in rocky outcrops, woodland areas and on steep slopes. The following are the typical growth conditions that are required for Becium urundense.
Light Requirements
Becium urundense is a sun-loving plant that requires at least six hours of direct sunlight per day. In its natural habitat, this plant grows in areas that are exposed to full sunlight. Therefore, when cultivating this plant, it is important to place it in an area that receives sufficient daylight.
Temperature Requirements
Becium urundense thrives in warm temperatures ranging from 20 to 30 degrees Celsius. This plant is not frost tolerant and can suffer damage when exposed to temperatures below 15 degrees Celsius. Therefore, it is recommended to grow the plant in warm climates that are frost-free.
Soil Requirements
Becium urundense grows best in well-draining soils that are rich in organic matter. The soil pH range should be between 6.5 – 7.5. It is essential to provide the plant with soil that is moisture-retentive and has good drainage to prevent waterlogging. Additionally, this plant is adapted to grow in rocky soils, so adding sand, gravel or crushed rock to the soil mixture helps to mimic its natural habitat.
Cultivation methods for Becium urundense
Becium urundense is a herbaceous perennial plant that belongs to the family Lamiaceae. It is commonly grown in gardens or as an ornamental plant because of its beautiful purple flowers and aromatic leaves. This plant is native to the Democratic Republic of Congo. The following are the cultivation methods for Becium urundense:
- Planting: The best time to plant Becium urundense is during the spring season. Choose a well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. The soil's pH range should be between 6 and 7.5. Plant the seedlings 18 to 24 inches apart from each other.
- Sunlight: Becium urundense needs full sunlight for at least six hours a day to grow well.
- Temperature: This plant can tolerate both high and low temperatures. However, it prefers to grow in a cool and moist environment.
Watering needs for Becium urundense
The watering needs of Becium urundense are essential for the plant's overall growth and survival. The following are the watering needs for this plant:
- Regular watering: Water the plant regularly, especially during the summer season. However, avoid overwatering, as this can cause root rot.
- Deep watering: Water the plant deeply but less frequently. This helps the roots grow deeper into the soil.
- Dry periods: Becium urundense can tolerate short periods of drought. However, during prolonged drought periods, water the plant more frequently.
Fertilization for Becium urundense
The following are the fertilization needs for Becium urundense:
- Organic matter: Add organic matter to the soil during planting or as a top dressing once a year.
- Slow-release fertilizer: Use a slow-release fertilizer during the growing season to feed the plant slowly.
- Avoid over fertilization: Over fertilization can cause damage to the plant.
Pruning for Becium urundense
Pruning Becium urundense is essential to ensure it maintains its shape and size, and to remove any dead or diseased parts of the plant. The following are some tips for pruning this plant:
- Prune during the fall season before the plant goes dormant.
- Remove any dead or diseased parts of the plant.
- Cut back the stems to maintain the overall shape and size of the plant.
- Avoid pruning more than one-third of the plant at a time.
Propagation of Becium urundense
Becium urundense is a perennial plant of the Lamiaceae family and is native to African regions like Congo and Burundi. It is commonly known by the name "African Basil" and has various traditional medicinal uses. Propagation of this plant is possible via two methods - Seeds and Stem Cuttings.
Propagation via Seeds
Propagation via seeds is the most common method of multiplying Becium urundense. The best time to sow seeds is in late winter when the temperature is relatively warm. Seeds should be sown in well-draining soil under direct sunlight. The soil should be moist, but not waterlogged. Seedlings may emerge within 10-14 days, and germination rate is generally high.
Propagation via Stem Cuttings
Propagation via stem cuttings is another popular method of multiplying Becium urundense. Cuttings should be taken from mature plants during the spring season. The cuttings should be approximately 6-8 cm long and should have at least 2-3 nodes. The cuttings should be dipped in rooting hormone and planted in well-draining soil. They should be kept in a warm and humid environment. It takes about 3-4 weeks for the cuttings to root and develop new growth.
Overall, Becium urundense is an easy plant to propagate and can be multiplied quickly via either of these methods.
Disease and Pest Management for Becium urundense (Robyns & Lebrun) A.J.Paton
Becium urundense is a medicinal plant commonly found in South Africa. Like all plants, it is susceptible to diseases and pests that can damage its growth and reduce its yield. Effective management of these issues is essential for maintaining plant growth and productivity. Here are some common diseases and pests of Becium urundense and ways to manage them:
Diseases
Fungal Diseases: Fungal diseases are the most common diseases that affect Becium urundense. Some of the most common fungal diseases are root rot, mildew, and rust. These diseases typically thrive in warm and humid conditions.
Management: The best way to manage fungal diseases is to prevent them from becoming established. Growers can promote good airflow and drainage in the soil to reduce humidity and prevent the diseases from spreading. Fungicides can also be applied preventively and therapeutically to control disease outbreaks. However, these must be used with caution to prevent the development of resistance.
Pests
Leaf Miners: Leaf miners are small insects that feed on the leaves of Becium urundense. These pests leave distinctive trails on the leaves and can cause significant damage if not managed.
Management: One of the most effective ways to manage leaf miners is to use biological control methods. This involves introducing natural predators, such as parasitic wasps, to kill the pests. Growers can also use insecticides that specifically target leaf miners, but these must be used with caution to avoid harming beneficial insects and bees.
Spider Mites: Spider mites are arachnids that feed on the underside of leaves, causing yellowing and stunted growth. These pests are common in warm climates.
Management: One of the most effective ways to manage spider mites is to promote a healthy environment for Becium urundense. This involves keeping the plant well-watered and ensuring good airflow to prevent spider mites from thriving. Growers can also use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control outbreaks.
Conclusion
Becium urundense is a valuable medicinal plant that can provide numerous health benefits. However, disease and pest management is essential to ensure the plant's long-term viability and productivity. By following the above methods for managing common diseases and pests, growers can effectively protect their crops and promote growth and yield.
