Overview of Becium obovatum var. macrocaulon
Becium obovatum var. macrocaulon is a perennial herb that belongs to the Lamiaceae family. It is an important medicinal plant found in Southern Africa, particularly in Botswana, Zimbabwe, and South Africa. It is a member of the genus Becium, which comprises about 60 species distributed across Africa.
Common Names
The plant is commonly known as African basil, wireweed, wild rosemary, and pink leaf.
Appearance
Becium obovatum var. macrocaulon is a small shrub that grows up to 60cm in height. It has an erect stem and branching branches with leaves that are arranged in opposite pairs. The leaves are 1-3cm in length, oval in shape, and have a pink to purplish color. The flowers are pink or purple and are arranged in spikes at the end of the branches. The fruit of the plant is a small brown nutlet.
Uses
Traditionally, the plant is used for medicinal purposes. The leaves and roots of the plant are used to treat various ailments such as coughs, colds, headaches, and menstrual cramps. It is also used to alleviate stomach ailments such as indigestion and diarrhea. The plant is believed to have antifungal and antibacterial properties.
Becium obovatum var. macrocaulon is also used as a culinary herb. It is used to flavor soups, stews, and meat dishes. The plant is known for its aromatic and flavorful leaves.
In addition, the plant is used in beekeeping. The nectar from the flowers is a source of food for bees. The essential oils from the plant are also used in aromatherapy.
In conclusion, Becium obovatum var. macrocaulon is a valuable plant, with medicinal, culinary, and ecological importance. Its hardy nature, adaptability, and easy cultivation make it a plant of significance to the communities in which it is found.
Light Requirements
Becium obovatum var. macrocaulon prefers full sun to partial shade. It can tolerate less light but may become leggy and weak.
Temperature Requirements
Being a native of South Africa, Becium obovatum var. macrocaulon can grow under a wide range of temperatures. However, it grows best in warm temperatures, preferably between 18-28°C (64-82°F), but can tolerate temperatures as low as -2°C (28°F) and 40°C (104°F) at most.
Soil Requirements
Becium obovatum var. macrocaulon grows best in well-drained soils, which are rich in organic matter. The preferred pH range is between 5.5-7.5. It can grow in a variety of soil types, including clay loam, sandy, and rocky soils.
Cultivation methods
Becium obovatum (E.Mey. ex Benth.) N.E.Br. var. macrocaulon (Briq.) Ayob. grows well in soil that is well-drained and rich in nutrients. It is best to plant the seedlings in spring or fall. Ensure that the plant is exposed to enough sunlight for optimum growth and development.
Watering needs
The plant requires moderate watering, which should be done once or twice a week. Avoid overwatering or leaving the soil to remain dry for extended periods. Watering should be carried out early in the morning or later in the evening when temperatures are cooler.
Fertilization
Fertilize the plant with balanced nutrients to ensure healthy growth. Use organic fertilizers rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium during the growing season. Fertilizing should be done every four to six weeks, depending on the climatic conditions.
Pruning
Pruning should be done regularly to promote bushier growth and improved flowering. Conduct the pruning in spring after the winter season to eliminate dead or damaged branches and promote air circulation around the plant.
Propagation of Becium obovatum (E.Mey. ex Benth.) N.E.Br. var. macrocaulon (Briq.) Ayob.
Becium obovatum (E.Mey. ex Benth.) N.E.Br. var. macrocaulon (Briq.) Ayob., commonly known as blue curls or sand verbena, is a perennial herb that belongs to the family Lamiaceae. Being a popular ornamental plant, it can be propagated vegetatively.
Propagation by Cuttings
The most common method of propagation for Becium obovatum is through stem cuttings. Take cuttings about 10 cm long from healthy plants and remove the lower leaves. Dip the cut ends in rooting hormone and plant them in pots or directly into soil in well-draining media. Keep them in a moist environment and in indirect sunlight. The cuttings usually root within six weeks.
Propagation by Division
Another way to propagate Becium obovatum is through division. In early spring, dig up the entire plant and gently divide the clumps into smaller sections. Each section should have at least a few shoots and a healthy root system. Plant the divisions in the prepared soil and keep them well-watered until they establish roots.
Disease Management
Becium obovatum var. macrocaulon can suffer from several diseases. The most common ones are:
- Leaf spots: appear as small, dark, and round spots on the leaves, and can be caused by various pathogens such as fungi or bacteria. To manage leaf spots, remove the infected parts of the plant and dispose of them properly. Avoid overhead watering and maintain good air circulation around the plant.
- Powdery mildew: is a fungal disease that appears as a white powdery substance on the leaves. To prevent powdery mildew, avoid overcrowding plants, maintain good air circulation, and ensure proper watering. Fungicides can also be effective in treating powdery mildew.
- Root rot: is caused by fungi that attack the root system, eventually leading to plant death. To manage root rot, avoid overwatering, ensure proper drainage, and only use sterile potting soil. There are also fungicides that can help control root rot.
Pest Management
Becium obovatum var. macrocaulon can be attacked by several pests such as:
- Spider mites: are tiny pests that can cause discoloration and damage to the leaves. To manage spider mites, wash the plant with soapy water or use an insecticidal soap. Keeping the plant regularly misted can also help control spider mites.
- Aphids: are small insects that can cause yellowing and distortion of the leaves. To manage aphids, spray the plant with a strong stream of water or an insecticidal soap. Ladybugs can also be introduced to the plant as a natural predator of aphids.
- Caterpillars: are the larvae of various moths and butterflies and can cause damage to the leaves. To manage caterpillars, handpick them off the plant or use Bacillus thuringiensis, which is a natural bacterial pesticide that targets caterpillars.
