Overview
Becium obovatum (E.Mey. ex Benth.) N.E.Br. var. glabrius (Benth.) Cufod. is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family that is native to South Africa. It is commonly known by the names of "Wild Rosemary" and "Impepho yamadlozi."
Appearance
Becium obovatum var. glabrius is a low-growing plant that can reach up to 50 cm in height. It has a woody base, which is essential to support its many branches that can spread over a wide area. The plant's leaves are oppositely arranged, oval, and light green in color, with a distinctive aromatic scent that reminds one of rosemary.
Uses
The Wild Rosemary plant has long been utilized in traditional African medicine, where it is used to treat a range of health conditions. The plant's essential oil contains camphor, cineole, and pinene, which are known for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial properties, making it useful in treating wounds, coughs, and colds. Moreover, its leaves can be dried and used as a substitute for rosemary in cooking, while its fragrance makes it a popular ornamental plant dotting gardens in the African continent.
Light Requirements
Becium obovatum (E.Mey. ex Benth.) N.E.Br. var. glabrius (Benth.) Cufod. is a plant species that thrives well in areas with high sunlight exposure. It requires full sun to partial shade to grow correctly. In regions with inadequate light, the plant may experience stunted growth and produce inferior-quality flowers and foliage.
Temperature Requirements
The Becium obovatum (E.Mey. ex Benth.) N.E.Br. var. glabrius (Benth.) Cufod. has a preference for areas with warm climate conditions. The plant adapts well in regions with a temperature range between 20°C to 30°C during the day and 15°C to 22°C during the night. Temperatures lower or higher than this range may affect plant growth and lead to poor yields.
Soil Requirements
Becium obovatum (E.Mey. ex Benth.) N.E.Br. var. glabrius (Benth.) Cufod. requires well-drained and fertile soils to grow. Soils with high organic matter content and a pH range of 6.5 to 7.5 favor the growth and development of this plant. Soil with poor drainage and lack of nutrients may stunt the plant's growth and cause damage to the roots.
Cultivation Methods
Becium obovatum var. glabrius is a herbaceous plant that is best grown in warm, well-lit areas. It is best to start growing the plant in spring or autumn when temperatures are moderate. The plant performs well in well-draining soils with a pH of between 6.0 to 7.5. The planting hole should be deep enough to accommodate the roots and the plant should be watered immediately after planting. As part of the cultivation process, it is important to ensure that there is adequate spacing between the plants to allow for proper growth and prevent overcrowding. Becium obovatum var. glabrius can be grown in containers, but the soil mix should be well-draining to avoid waterlogging.Watering Needs
Becium obovatum var. glabrius requires frequent watering, especially during dry spells. Watering should be done when the top soil is dry to the touch, and the plant should be watered deeply to encourage root development. However, care should be taken not to overwater the plant as this can lead to root rot. During the winter months, watering should be reduced to prevent waterlogging, which can damage the plant's roots.Fertilization
Fertilization is essential for the optimal growth and development of Becium obovatum var. glabrius. The plant requires a balanced fertilizer with a ratio of 1:1:1. Fertilizers should be applied once every two to three weeks during the growing season. The fertilizer should be applied around the base of the plant and watered thoroughly to ensure proper absorption.Pruning
Pruning is an important part of Becium obovatum var. glabrius's cultivation process. Regular pruning helps to maintain the plant's shape and size, promote bushier growth, and prevent the plant from becoming leggy. Deadheading the plant's spent flowers also encourages it to produce more flowers. Pruning should be done in late winter or early spring before new growth appears. The plant can be pruned back to about two-thirds of its height. Care should be taken to use a sharp, sterilized pruning tool to prevent the spread of diseases.Propagation of Becium obovatum var. glabrius
Becium obovatum var. glabrius (common name: khaki bush) can be propagated by various methods depending on the availability of resources and the desired outcome. Here, we will discuss the different propagation methods suitable for this plant.
Seed Propagation
The most common method to propagate khaki bush is through seeds. The seeds can be collected from mature flowers that have dried up. Allow the flowers to dry on the plant, and then collect the seeds. Once the seeds have been collected, they can be stored in a cool, dry place. Before sowing, soak the seeds overnight in warm water. This will soften the seed coat and enable the seed to germinate more quickly.
Cuttings Propagation
Becium obovatum var. glabrius can also be propagated through stem cuttings. Take 4- to 6-inch-long cuttings from mature, healthy plant stems. Remove all the leaves from the bottom two-thirds of the cutting. Dip the cut end of the stem in rooting hormone powder and insert it into a soilless potting mix. Keep the soil moist and place the pot in a bright, well-lit area. Once roots have developed, the new plant can be potted into a larger container or planted directly into the ground.
Division Propagation
Division is another 'asexual propagation' method that can be used to propagate Becium obovatum var. glabrius. This is best done during the plant's dormant season, which is typically in the fall. Carefully remove the plant from the soil, and gently tease apart the root ball into smaller sections. Each section should have some healthy roots and foliage. Plant each section individually in fresh soil, and water well. New shoots should appear in a few weeks.
Disease and Pest Management for Becium obovatum var. glabrius
Becium obovatum var. glabrius is susceptible to a few diseases and pests that can damage or kill the plant if left unattended. Here are some common issues and management strategies:
Diseases
Downy mildew: Becium obovatum var. glabrius can be affected by downy mildew, a fungal disease that causes yellowing, wilting, and death of leaves. To manage this disease, remove and destroy infected plants and maintain proper airflow and watering to reduce humidity and moisture. Fungicides may also be necessary.
Root rot: Excess water or poor drainage can lead to root rot, which causes the roots to decay and the plant to wilt. To prevent this disease, ensure that the plant is watered properly and planted in well-draining soil. If root rot is detected, remove and destroy infected plants and improve drainage in the area.
Pests
Spider mites: These tiny pests can affect Becium obovatum var. glabrius, causing leaves to yellow and become spotted. To manage spider mites, spray the plant with a mixture of water and a mild detergent or insecticidal soap. Also, maintain proper humidity and airflow to prevent the growth and spread of mites.
Cutworms: These pests can cause damage to the stems and leaves of Becium obovatum var. glabrius. To manage cutworms, handpick them off the plant or use insecticides containing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) targeted at cutworms.
By monitoring for these diseases and pests and taking proper management steps, you can help maintain the health and vigor of your Becium obovatum var. glabrius plants.
