Overview
Becium homblei (De Wild.) P.A.Duvign. & Plancke is a perennial herbaceous plant that belongs to the family Lamiaceae. It is endemic to the tropical rainforests of Central Africa, particularly in Cameroon, Gabon, and Congo-Brazzaville. The plant is also known by its common names, including "Ntshingila", "Likombi", and "Mongolono".Appearance
Becium homblei is a small shrub that typically grows up to 1m in height. The leaves are opposite, simple, and ovate in shape with a length of 4-10 cm and a width of 1.5-5 cm. The upper surface of the leaves is glossy green, while the lower surface is covered in fine hairs. The plant also produces small white or pinkish flowers that grow in clusters at the apex of the stem. The fruits of the plant are small, dry, and contain four nutlets.Uses
Becium homblei has been traditionally used in African traditional medicine to treat various ailments, ranging from malaria to stomach disorders. The plant contains essential oils, flavonoids, tannins, and other bioactive compounds that make it useful as an antifungal, antimicrobial, and antioxidant agent. The leaves and stems of the plant are usually dried, crushed, and brewed as a tea or decoction to treat malaria, fever, and respiratory infections. It is also used to treat diarrhea, dysentery, and kidney problems. In addition, Becium homblei is used in local cuisine, particularly in Cameroon, where the leaves and stems are added to stews and soups. The plant's essential oil is also used in perfumery and aromatherapy.Conclusion
Becium homblei is a useful plant that provides medicinal and culinary benefits to the local communities in Central Africa. Its unique properties and uses make it an important source of livelihood for many people in the region. Despite its traditional uses, it is important to note that more research is needed to establish the effectiveness and safety of the plant for various medicinal purposes.Light Requirements
Becium homblei requires full sun to grow to its full potential. It thrives in open, sunny locations with direct access to sunlight. It can tolerate partial shade, but growth will be slow and stunted.
Temperature Requirements
Becium homblei is adapted to the tropical and subtropical regions and requires warm temperatures to grow. It grows best in temperatures ranging between 20°C to 30°C (68°F to 86°F). Temperatures below 10°C (50°F) can be detrimental to the plant's growth and can cause damage to the foliage.
Soil Requirements
Becium homblei prefers well-drained soils that are rich in organic matter. It can grow in a variety of soil types but performs best in sandy soils that are slightly acidic. The ideal soil pH range for this plant is between 6.0 to 6.8. It is important to provide adequate drainage as waterlogged soils can lead to root rots and other diseases.
Cultivation of Becium homblei
Becium homblei is a South African native plant that grows naturally in the moist grasslands and forests. It has green leaves and lilac flowers that bloom in summer. It is an easy plant to cultivate in both pots and garden beds.
Watering Needs
Becium homblei prefers moderate watering. The plant should be watered when the soil feels dry to the touch. Overwatering can cause root rot, which can be fatal. So, it is best to water the plant moderately and avoid waterlogging the soil.
Fertilization
It is recommended to fertilize Becium homblei once every two weeks during the growing season. The best fertilizer to use is one that is rich in nitrogen and potassium. Applying too much fertilizer can damage the roots, so it is essential to follow the instructions on the package carefully.
Pruning Becium homblei
Pruning is not necessary for Becium homblei, but it can help to promote bushier growth and more flowers. Prune the plant after the flowering season by cutting back the stems by about a third. Deadheading the plant after the flowers have faded can also encourage new blooms.
Propagation of Becium homblei
Becium homblei can be propagated through seeds, stem cuttings, and division.
Seed Propagation
Seeds of Becium homblei can be sown in spring or early autumn. The soil should be fertile and well-drained. The seeds should be lightly covered with soil and kept moist. Germination usually takes 2-3 weeks.
Stem Cutting Propagation
Becium homblei can be propagated through stem cuttings taken in late spring or early summer. The cuttings should be about 4-5 inches long and should be taken from the upper part of the plant. The cuttings should be dipped in hormone rooting powder and planted in well-draining soil. The soil should be kept moist, and the cuttings should be kept in a warm, bright place until roots develop.
Division Propagation
Becium homblei can also be propagated through division. This method is best carried out in early spring when new growth appears. The plant should be lifted out of the soil, and the roots should be gently separated into smaller clumps. Each clump should have some stems and roots and should be replanted in well-draining soil. The newly planted divisions should be watered well and kept in a shady place until they establish.
Disease and Pest Management for Becium homblei
Becium homblei, commonly known as Bonatea homblei, is a beautiful plant native to Cameroon and Gabon. Despite being quite hardy, like any other plant species, it is still susceptible to several diseases and pests. Here are some common ones and ways to manage them:
Diseases
Leaf Spot - This is a fungal disease that affects the leaves of the plant, causing small brown spots that can spread and merge. The best way to manage it is to remove and dispose of the affected leaves and treat the plant with a fungicide. Ensure that you use a good quality fungicide that specifically targets leaf spot diseases.
Root Rot - Root rot is a serious fungal disease that affects the roots of the plant, making it difficult for the plant to absorb nutrients and water. To prevent root rot, ensure that the soil is well-draining, avoid overwatering the plant, and ensure that the pot has drainage holes. If the plant is already infected, repot it in fresh, well-draining soil and treat it with a fungicide.
Pests
Aphids - Aphids are common pests that suck the sap from the plant, causing stunted growth, yellowing of leaves, and curling. To manage aphids, spray the plant with a solution of water and a mild soap, insecticidal soap, or neem oil. You can also introduce natural predators such as ladybugs or lacewings to control the population.
Spider Mites - Spider mites are tiny pests that cause discoloration and wilting of leaves. To manage them, use a commercial miticide or spray the plant with a solution of water and neem oil. You can also increase humidity levels around the plant to discourage spider mites as they thrive in dry conditions.
By being proactive in managing these diseases and pests, you can keep your Becium homblei healthy and thriving.
