Overview
Becium grandiflorum (Lam.) Pic.Serm. var. cordatum (A.J.Paton) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork, commonly known as Heart-leaved becium, is a herbaceous plant belonging to the family Lamiaceae. This variety of the species has heart-shaped leaves and produces showy pink flowers.Origin
Becium grandiflorum (Lam.) Pic.Serm. var. cordatum (A.J.Paton) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork is native to Southern Africa and can be found in countries such as South Africa and Zimbabwe.Common Names
The plant is commonly known as Heart-leaved becium, Heart-leaved balm, or umgwenya in isiZulu language.Uses
Becium grandiflorum (Lam.) Pic.Serm. var. cordatum (A.J.Paton) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork has several medicinal uses in traditional African medicine. It is used as a remedy for stomach ailments, coughs, colds, and headaches. The leaves are chewed to alleviate toothache, while the crushed leaves are applied to wounds to aid healing. It also has a strong aroma and is used as a natural insect repellent.General Appearance
Heart-leaved becium is an erect, herbaceous plant that grows up to 1 meter in height. The leaves are heart-shaped, dark green, and slightly hairy. The pink flowers are borne in clusters at the tips of the branches and have a tube-like shape. The flowers bloom in summer and may continue into autumn.Growth Conditions for Becium grandiflorum var. cordatum
Becium grandiflorum var. cordatum is a herbaceous plant that is native to South Africa, where it typically grows in savannas and grasslands. Here are the growth conditions that are most suitable for this plant:
Light Requirements
Becium grandiflorum var. cordatum grows best in areas with full sun exposure. The plant requires at least six hours of sunlight each day to grow properly. If grown in areas with inadequate sunlight, the plant may produce fewer flowers and have a less dense foliage.
Temperature Requirements
The ideal temperature range for growing Becium grandiflorum var. cordatum is between 18°C to 25°C. The plant is best grown in areas with mild winters and warm summers. In areas that experience temperatures higher than 30°C, the plant may require additional shade to stay healthy and prevent overheating.
Soil Requirements
Becium grandiflorum var. cordatum grows best in well-draining soils that have a pH range of 6.5 to 7.5. The soil should be rich in organic matter and have good water retention capacity. If the soil is too dry, supplemental watering may be required to keep the plant hydrated. However, waterlogged soils can also damage the plant roots by causing root rot.
Fertilizer Requirements
Becium grandiflorum var. cordatum requires moderate amounts of fertilizer for optimal growth. Fertilizers high in nitrogen should be avoided as they promote vegetative growth over flowering. A balanced fertilizer with equal amounts of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus should be used instead. The fertilizer should be applied at least twice a year, during the beginning of the growing season and after the plant has finished flowering.
By following these growth conditions, you can help ensure healthy growth and beautiful flowers from your Becium grandiflorum var. cordatum plant.
Cultivation Methods
Becium grandiflorum (Lam.) Pic.Serm. var. cordatum (A.J.Paton) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork is generally easy to grow and can thrive both indoors and outdoors. The plant prefers full sun but also tolerates partial shade. It can grow in a variety of soil types, including loam, sand, and clay. If growing indoors, provide ample space with good drainage. Choose a container with drainage holes and fill it with a well-draining potting mix. When planting outdoors, prepare the soil by adding organic matter like compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil structure and fertility. Space the plants at least 30cm apart to allow for proper growth and airflow.Watering Needs
Becium grandiflorum (Lam.) Pic.Serm. var. cordatum (A.J.Paton) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork has moderate water requirements, but it is important to avoid overwatering, which can cause root rot. Water the plant when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch. The frequency of watering may vary depending on temperature, humidity, and soil type. When watering, water the soil directly rather than the foliage to prevent the leaves from becoming wet, which can increase the risk of fungal diseases.Fertilization
Fertilize Becium grandiflorum (Lam.) Pic.Serm. var. cordatum (A.J.Paton) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork with a balanced, all-purpose fertilizer once every month during the growing season. Avoid over-fertilization, which can lead to excessive vegetative growth at the expense of flowers. It is also beneficial to topdress the soil annually with compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility and structure.Pruning
Prune Becium grandiflorum (Lam.) Pic.Serm. var. cordatum (A.J.Paton) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork regularly to maintain its shape and promote bushier growth. Deadhead spent flowers regularly to encourage the plant to produce more blooms. When pruning, use sharp, sterile pruning shears to avoid damaging the plant. Prune back up to one-third of the plant's growth in early spring to promote vigorous new growth.Propagation of Becium grandiflorum (Lam.) Pic.Serm. var. cordatum (A.J.Paton) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork
Becium grandiflorum (Lam.) Pic.Serm. var. cordatum (A.J.Paton) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork, commonly known as African basil, is a perennial herb that belongs to the family Lamiaceae. The plant is native to South Africa and is known for its medicinal properties. Propagation is one of the important aspects of plant cultivation and here are the different methods of propagating Becium grandiflorum (Lam.) Pic.Serm. var. cordatum (A.J.Paton) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork.
Propagation by seeds
Propagation of Becium grandiflorum (Lam.) Pic.Serm. var. cordatum (A.J.Paton) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork can be carried out through seeds. Seed propagation is a cost-effective method, and the seeds are readily available in the market. The seeds should be sown in well-drained soil and maintained in a moist environment. Germination usually takes around 2-3 weeks.
Propagation by cuttings
Propagation of Becium grandiflorum (Lam.) Pic.Serm. var. cordatum (A.J.Paton) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork can also be carried out through stem cuttings. It is a popular method of propagation as it allows for faster and easier propagation of the plant. Cuttings should be taken from the matured stems of the plant and dipped in rooting hormone before planting in well-draining soil. The cutting should be frequently sprayed with water to maintain moisture.
Propagation by division
Becium grandiflorum (Lam.) Pic.Serm. var. cordatum (A.J.Paton) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork can also be propagated by dividing the parent plant. This method is especially useful for plants that have become too large and require rejuvenation. The plant should be carefully dug out of the soil and gently divided into smaller sections, each with a root system. The divided sections can then be replanted in well-draining soil and watered frequently.
Disease and Pest Management for Becium grandiflorum
Becium grandiflorum (Lam.) Pic.Serm. var. cordatum (A.J.Paton) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork is a hardy plant that is generally resistant to most pests and diseases. However, like any plant, it is not completely immune and may be affected by some problems. Here are some common diseases and pests that may affect this plant and how to manage them:
Diseases
One of the most common diseases that may affect Becium grandiflorum is leaf spot. Leaf spot appears as brown, black or gray spots on the leaves of the plant. These spots may grow and connect over time leading to the death of the leaves. To manage the disease, remove the affected leaves and ensure the plant is not overcrowded; this will increase airflow and help prevent the spread of the fungus. You can also use a fungicide to treat the plant.
Another disease that may affect Becium grandiflorum is powdery mildew. It appears as a white powdery substance on the leaves and stems of the plant. To manage this disease, remove infected parts of the plant and avoid wetting the leaves while watering. You can also use a fungicide or horticultural oil to treat powdery mildew.
Pests
Becium grandiflorum is mostly resistant to pests, but whiteflies and spider mites may infest the plant. Both pests can cause leaf yellowing, leaf drop and stunted growth. To manage the pests, use chemical insecticides and miticides. Another option is to use natural predators such as ladybugs or lacewings to control the pest population.
It is important to regularly inspect your plant for any signs of pests or diseases, and immediately take action to prevent their spread. Maintaining your plant's health by providing optimal growing conditions, including well-draining soil, adequate sunlight, and appropriate watering practices, can also help minimize the risk of disease and pest infestations.
