Overview
Becium fimbriatum (Briq.) Sebald var. microphyllum Sebald, commonly known as small-leaved becium or sand lavender, is a species of perennial shrub in the mint family. It is native to the Southern African region and is widely cultivated for its medicinal properties and ornamental value.
Description
The small-leaved becium is a small, multi-branched shrub that typically reaches a height of 0.5 to 1 meter. The plant bears tiny, lanceolate leaves that are grey-green in color, measuring 1-3 mm in length and width. The flowers are small, reddish-purple, and arranged in clusters at the tip of the branches. The plant's roots are woody and fibrous, allowing it to survive in harsh, dry environments, and its stem and leaves are covered in fine hairs that protect it from excessive sun and heat.
Origin and Distribution
The small-leaved becium is native to the arid and semi-arid regions of Southern Africa, including Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and South Africa. It grows in a variety of habitats, including grasslands, rocky outcrops, and sandy areas. The plant is now widely cultivated throughout the region due to its medicinal properties and ornamental value.
Uses
The small-leaved becium is widely used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments, including respiratory infections, digestive disorders, and skin conditions. It contains a range of bioactive compounds, including terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, that exhibit antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. The plant is also used as a culinary herb, with its leaves and flowers added to soups and stews in traditional African cuisine. Additionally, the plant is popular in landscaping and is often used in rock gardens and container plantings, where its small size and attractive flowers make it a desirable addition.
Growth Conditions for Becium fimbriatum var. microphyllum
When it comes to the growth conditions required for Becium fimbriatum var. microphyllum, several factors come into play.
Light Requirements
One of the essential factors to consider is the amount of light the plant receives. Becium fimbriatum var. microphyllum thrives best in full sunlight. As a result, it's best to plant it in an area where it can get as much sunlight as possible.
Soil Requirements
Another critical consideration is the type of soil that the plant grows in. Becium fimbriatum var. microphyllum requires well-draining soil with a slightly acidic pH. It's best to plant the herb in soil that is rich in organic matter since this improves water retention and nutrient uptake.
Temperature Requirements
The ideal temperature range for Becium fimbriatum var. microphyllum growth is between 15°C and 25°C. This range is generally comfortable for most plants and is commonly referred to as room temperature. However, the plant can still flourish even when the temperature falls below this range, but it should not go below 10°C.
Water Requirements
Becium fimbriatum var. microphyllum requires moderate watering. Overwatering the plant can lead to root rot, which can kill the plant. It is recommended to water the plant every two to three days during dry spells.
Overall, growing Becium fimbriatum var. microphyllum requires full sunlight, well-draining soil rich in organic matter, moderate watering and a temperature range of between 15°C to 25°C.
Cultivation Methods
Becium fimbriatum (Briq.) Sebald var. microphyllum Sebald is a low maintenance plant species that is easy to cultivate.
The best time to plant Becium fimbriatum is the spring season. You can either use seeds or cuttings for propagation.
The plant requires well-drained soil with a pH of 6.0-7.5, and it prefers full sun or partial shade.
It can be grown both in pots or directly in the garden ground.
Watering Needs
Becium fimbriatum (Briq.) Sebald var. microphyllum Sebald prefers moderate watering, and it can tolerate drought conditions.
Over-watering may cause the roots to rot, so it's essential to allow the soil to dry between watering sessions.
It's recommended to water the plant in the early morning or late afternoon to avoid evaporations during high temperatures.
Fertilization
It's crucial to fertilize Becium fimbriatum (Briq.) Sebald var. microphyllum Sebald regularly to enhance its growth, flowering, and resistance to pest and diseases.
A balanced fertilizer with a ratio of 10-10-10 is ideal for the plant. Granular fertilizers or slow-release fertilizers can be used at the beginning of the growing season.
It's also recommended to add compost or organic matter to the soil to improve the soil structure and nutrient content.
Pruning
Becium fimbriatum (Briq.) Sebald var. microphyllum Sebald requires minimal pruning, and it's not necessary to prune it regularly.
If the plant becomes leggy or overgrown, it can be pruned in the late winter or early spring season.
Deadheading or removing the spent flowers can promote continuous blooming.
Pruning can also be done to control the size and shape of the plant, and it's recommended to use clean and sharp pruning tools to avoid damaging the plant.
Propagation of Becium fimbriatum (Briq.) Sebald var. microphyllum Sebald
Becium fimbriatum (Briq.) Sebald var. microphyllum Sebald is a herbaceous perennial plant with small purple and white flowers, belonging to the family Lamiaceae. Here are some effective propagation methods for this plant:
Seeds
The most common way to propagate this plant is through seeds. These plants can freely reseed themselves annually, and seeds can be collected by shaking the plant stems into a paper bag. Collect the seeds in the fall and store them in a cool, dry place until spring. Sow the seeds in early spring, several weeks before the last expected frost. It takes about 2-3 weeks for the seeds to germinate.
Cuttings
This plant can also be propagated through cuttings. Take a cutting from a healthy plant in early summer, when the plant is just starting to grow new shoots. The cutting should be about 4 to 6 inches long and contain several sets of leaves. Dip the cutting in rooting hormone powder and plant it in a soil mixture of equal parts peat moss and sand. Place the pot in a bright, warm area, but out of direct sun. Water the cutting moderately and keep the soil moist but not soggy. Within four to six weeks, roots will start to develop and new growth will appear.
Division
Another propagation method for Becium fimbriatum (Briq.) Sebald var. microphyllum Sebald is division. This should be done in mid-spring or early fall when the plant is dormant. Remove the plant from the soil, separate the roots into smaller sections, and replant each section in a pot or in a new spot in the garden. Water moderately to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. New growth should appear within a few weeks.
By following these propagation methods, it is easy to quickly grow new Becium fimbriatum (Briq.) Sebald var. microphyllum Sebald plants.
Disease Management
Becium fimbriatum (Briq.) Sebald var. microphyllum Sebald is generally a healthy plant. However, in some cases, it might suffer from diseases, which can be managed through the following measures:
- Fungal Diseases: The plant might get affected by fungal diseases, primarily leaf spot and powdery mildew. One way to manage the problem is by practicing good sanitation measures, such as removing and destroying infected plant parts. Additionally, applying fungicides following the instructions on the label can also help control the spread of fungal diseases.
- Bacterial Diseases: The plant can get affected by bacterial diseases, including leaf spots, stem rot, and wilts. Removal and destruction of infected plant parts, application of copper-based fungicides, and practicing good hygiene can help control bacterial diseases.
Pest Management
Several pests can attack Becium fimbriatum (Briq.) Sebald var. microphyllum Sebald. Here are some common pests and ways to manage them:
- Whiteflies: These are tiny white insects that suck sap from the leaves, causing yellowing and eventually death of the plant. To manage them, apply insecticidal soap or neem oil. Encourage natural predators like ladybugs, lacewings, and parasitic wasps.
- Spider mites: These pests are not insects but mites. They feed on the plant sap, causing yellowing and browning of the leaves. To manage them, use a forceful jet of water to wash them off the plant. Apply insecticidal soap or neem oil. Encourage natural predators.
- Aphids: These pests are tiny insects that cluster on the underside of leaves and suck plant sap. They excrete a sticky honeydew that attracts ants and encourages the growth of fungus. To manage them, blast them off with a forceful jet of water. Apply insecticidal soap or neem oil.
