Origin of Bastardia Viscosa
Bastardia viscosa (L.) Kunth, which is commonly known as sticky bastardia, is a plant species native to Central and South America. It is a member of the family Melastomataceae, which includes about 5,000 species of flowering plants.
Common Names
Bastardia viscosa is known by a variety of common names, including sticky bastardia, purple rockwort, and violet rockwort.
General Appearance
The plant grows to a height of about 1 meter and has a sticky stem and leaves. It produces purple flowers in clusters that are about 3 centimeters in diameter. The flowers have a unique shape, with four petals facing the ground and one facing upward. The fruit is a capsule that splits open to release many small seeds.
Uses
Bastardia viscosa has a variety of traditional medicinal uses. In some cultures, the plant is used to treat digestive and respiratory problems, as well as skin ulcers and wounds. The plant is also used in landscaping and horticulture as an ornamental plant due to its unique and attractive flowers.
In addition, the plant has been studied for its potential use in treating cancer. Researchers have found that extracts from the plant have anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects against certain types of cancer cells.
Light Conditions
Bastardia viscosa requires full sunlight to thrive. It cannot tolerate shade or partial shade. If the plant is grown indoors, it needs to be placed near a south-facing window or under grow lights that provide full-spectrum lighting.
Temperature Conditions
The ideal temperature range for Bastardia viscosa is between 20°C and 30°C. The plant cannot tolerate cold temperatures below 10°C, so it needs warm growing conditions. If the temperature drops below 10°C, the plant will develop yellow leaves and may eventually die.
Soil Requirements
Bastardia viscosa prefers well-drained soils that are rich in organic matter. It cannot tolerate waterlogged soils, so the soil should be moist but not too wet. The pH range of the soil should be slightly acidic to neutral between 5.5 and 7.0. If the soil pH is too high, the plant may develop nutrient deficiencies that hinder its growth.
Cultivation of Bastardia viscosa
Bastardia viscosa is a plant that can grow well in temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions. It prefers a warm and sunny spot with well-draining soil.
Watering Needs
Bastardia viscosa prefers moderate watering. It is important to avoid overwatering the plant as it can lead to root rot. The plant should be watered when the top layer of soil feels dry to the touch.
Fertilization
Bastardia viscosa requires regular fertilization during the growing season to ensure healthy growth and flowering. A balanced fertilizer with equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium can be applied every four weeks.
Pruning
Bastardia viscosa requires minimal pruning, but it is recommended to remove any dead or diseased branches to promote healthy growth. Pruning should be done in the early spring before the growing season starts.
Propagation methods for Bastardia viscosa (L.) Kunth
Bastardia viscosa (L.) Kunth, also known as "chamico" or "sticky bastardia," is a small shrub commonly found in arid and semi-arid regions of the Americas. This plant is prized for its resinous and medicinal properties, and it can be propagated by seed, cutting, and layering.
Propagation by seed
Propagation by seed is the most common and easiest method to grow Bastardia viscosa. The seeds should be collected when the fruits ripen and turn brown. The hard seed coat should be scarified or nicked with a sharp knife or sandpaper to break the dormancy. Then soak the seeds in water for 24 hours before sowing them in well-draining soil. The soil should be kept moist and warm, with a temperature around 20 to 25°C, until germination occurs, which can take anywhere from 1 to 3 months.
Propagation by cutting
Bastardia viscosa can also be propagated by cutting, although it is less common and requires more care and attention. The best time to take cuttings is in the spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing. The cuttings should be taken from the current year's growth, 5 to 10 cm in length, and should include at least two nodes and a few leaves. Dip the cuttings in rooting hormone powder and plant them in pots or trays filled with a well-draining soil mix. The soil should be kept moist, and the cuttings should be protected from direct sunlight until rooting occurs, which can take around 6 to 8 weeks.
Propagation by layering
Propagation by layering is the least common method for Bastardia viscosa, but it is a natural way for the plant to propagate in the wild. This method involves bending a healthy branch or stem to the ground and covering it with soil, leaving one end exposed. Over time, the covered portion of the stem will develop roots, and a new plant will emerge. Once the new plant has established its roots, it can be separated from the parent plant and transplanted to its own location.
Disease Management
Bastardia viscosa can be affected by several fungal diseases like powdery mildew, leaf spot, rust, and stem rot. These diseases can cause severe damage to the plant, resulting in reduced growth and yield. Therefore, it is crucial to take necessary measures to manage these diseases effectively.
One of the essential things to do is to maintain proper sanitation by removing infected plant parts from the garden and destroying them. Also, avoid overhead watering, especially in the evening, as it can create a humid environment and promote fungal growth. Instead, water the plants at the base early in the morning.
Another effective way to manage fungal diseases is to apply fungicides. There are a variety of fungicides available in the market, including chemical and organic options. However, it is essential to choose the right one based on the severity of the disease and follow the instructions carefully.
Pest Management
Bastardia viscosa can also be attacked by several pests like aphids, mealybugs, spider mites, thrips, and scale insects. These pests can cause significant damage to the plant by sucking the sap out of the leaves, stems, and flowers. Therefore, it is vital to take measures to manage them effectively.
One of the first things to do is to inspect the plants thoroughly and regularly for signs of pests. Early detection can save the plant from severe infestations. Also, it is crucial to clean the leaves regularly with water to remove any dust or debris that can attract pests.
There are several pest control products available in the market, including chemical and organic options. It is essential to choose the right one based on the severity of the infestation and the type of pest. In some cases, introducing natural predators like ladybugs and lacewings can be an effective way to control pests without using chemicals.
In conclusion, managing diseases and pests in Bastardia viscosa requires a combination of preventive and control measures. By taking the necessary steps, gardeners can ensure the health and productivity of their plants.
