Overview
Barkhausia schultzii is a beautiful flowering plant with many therapeutic benefits that can be found across various parts of Africa.
Origin and Common Names
The Barkhausia schultzii plant is native to countries in Africa such as Sudan, Tanzania, and Somalia. It is commonly known as "Geedi" in Somalia, "Hagalom" in Sudan, and "Mulli" in Ethiopia.
Uses
The Barkhausia schultzii has been utilized by diverse communities in Africa for many medicinal purposes. The roots and leaves of the plant are used as a traditional remedy in Somalia for treating skin infections, skin diseases like leishmaniasis, and wound healing. In Ethiopia, it is used as a remedy for sore throat and intestinal worms.
In various parts of Africa, the leaves of Barkhausia schultzii are boiled and the tea is consumed to treat stomach disorders such as diarrhea and stomach ache. The plant has also been used as a sedative and for inducing sleep. In addition, the infusion of the leaves is used to stimulate the appetite and promote digestion as well as for the treatment of liver diseases.
General Appearance
The Barkhausia schultzii plant is a bushy perennial herb that can reach up to 50 cm in height. The leaves are broad and ovate-shaped, measuring about 4-10 cm in length. The flowers, which bloom from August to September, are small and yellow or green in color. The stems of this plant are woody and covered with rough bark, and its roots are deep and have several branches.
Growth Conditions for Barkhausia schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich.
Barkhausia schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich. is a perennial herbaceous plant that is typically found in the temperate grasslands and shrublands of Africa. This plant is commonly referred to as the "Schultz's barkhausia" and is known for the medicinal properties of its root extract.
Light Requirements
Generally, Barkhausia schultzii thrives in an environment that receives plenty of sunlight. This plant requires a minimum of six hours of direct sunlight per day to thrive and grow optimally. An abundance of sunlight directly influences the health, size, and number of flowers produced by the plant.
Temperature Requirements
Barkhausia schultzii grows best under moderate temperatures ranging between 16°C to 22°C. The plant is tolerant to high temperatures; however, prolonged exposure to temperatures above 30°C would affect its growth, leading to slow growth or death. In seasons such as spring and summer, the plant grows rapidly, while in winter, growth slows or becomes dormant.
Soil Requirements
The suitable soil for the growth of Barkhausia schultzii should be well-drained, fertile, and rich in organic matter. This plant thrives in slightly acidic to neutral soils, with a pH range between 6.0 and 7.5. A well-drained soil structure is particularly essential to prevent root rot, which might lead to plant death.
Barkhausia schultzii requires moderate moisture in the soil to grow optimally. Soil moisture deficits may result in the death or stunted growth of the plant, while excess moisture may cause root rot and eventual plant death. Therefore, the soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged.
In conclusion, the Barkhausia schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich. plant requires direct sunlight, moderate temperatures, well-drained and fertile soils with a pH range between 6.0 and 7.5, and moderate moisture. Understanding these growth conditions is essential to growing this plant successfully.
Cultivation
Barkhausia schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich. is a perennial plant that is commonly found in the mountainous regions of northeastern Africa. It prefers well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter and requires full sun exposure to thrive. The plant can be propagated through seeds or cuttings, although propagating through cuttings is more successful.
Watering needs
Barkhausia schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich. requires moderate watering, and the soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged. Overwatering can lead to root rot and other fungal diseases. The frequency of watering depends on the climatic conditions of the region and the season. In the summer months, the plant may require more frequent watering.
Fertilization
Regular fertilization can help improve the growth and flowering of Barkhausia schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich. A balanced, all-purpose fertilizer should be applied during the growing season, which spans from early spring to late summer. It is recommended to fertilize once every two weeks and reduce the frequency as the season comes to an end. Over-fertilization can lead to nutrient burn and can damage the plant.
Pruning
Barkhausia schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich. requires minimal pruning, and it is mainly done to improve the appearance of the plant. The plant can be pruned back in late winter to early spring, just before new growth begins. Dead, diseased, and damaged stems and branches should be pruned off as soon as they are noticed. Regular pruning helps to promote bushier growth and encourages flowering.
Propagation of Barkhausia schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich.
Barkhausia schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich. can be propagated through two main methods:
Seed propagation
The seeds of Barkhausia schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich. can be collected from mature plants during the flowering season. The seed pods should be left on the plant until they turn brown and dry out. Once the pods have opened and the seeds are visible, they can be collected and stored in a dry, cool place until planting time.
Before planting, the seeds should be scarified to help with germination. Scarification involves nicking or scratching the seed coat to help with water absorption. This can be done by rubbing the seeds with sandpaper or using a small knife to make a shallow cut. After scarification, the seeds can be planted in a well-draining soil mix and lightly covered with soil. Water the soil to keep it moist, but be careful not to overwater.
Seedlings should start to emerge within two to three weeks. Once they have grown large enough to handle, they can be transplanted to their final location.
Vegetative propagation
Barkhausia schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich. can also be propagated through division. This method is best done in the spring, before the plant starts to grow.
To divide the plant, gently dig it up and remove the excess soil around the roots. The plant should be divided into smaller sections, each with its own set of roots. Be sure to use a sharp, clean knife or garden shears to prevent damaging the plant. Once divided, the new sections can be planted in their final location, making sure the soil is moist and well-draining.
Both seed propagation and vegetative propagation are effective methods for increasing the number of Barkhausia schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich. plants in a garden or landscape. By following these propagation methods, gardeners can ensure a healthy and abundant supply of this beautiful plant.
Disease and Pest Management of Barkhausia Schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich.
Barkhausia Schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich. is a hardy plant that is not heavily affected by diseases and pests. However, it is not completely immune to them. Therefore, it is important to take necessary precautions to prevent or control these issues.
Common Diseases
The most common diseases that affect Barkhausia Schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich. are fungal leaf spots and powdery mildew. Fungal leaf spots are caused by several saprophytic fungi and can be identified by brown or black spots on the leaves, which eventually merge to form large patches. Powdery mildew is caused by the Erysiphe cichoracearum fungi and causes a grayish-white powder on the leaves. Both these diseases can be prevented by practicing good care and hygiene, planting in well-draining soil, avoiding overhead irrigation and by removing diseased plant material.
Common Pests
The common pests which can affect Barkhausia Schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich. are spider mites, aphids, and whiteflies. Spider mites and aphids cause yellow speckling and discoloration on the leaves while whiteflies cause yellowing and wilting of the leaves. The presence of these pests can be controlled by spraying the plant with insecticides like neem oil, pyrethrin, or insecticidal soap. Regular inspection of plants is important to identify and control the spread of pests.
Overall, it is important to maintain a clean and healthy growing environment for Barkhausia Schultzii Hochst. ex A.Rich. to prevent the onset of disease or pest infestations. Regular inspection and treatment with organic methods is key to prevent the use of harsh chemicals and promote optimal plant health.
