Overview
Astripomoea malvacea (Klotzsch) A.Meeuse var. volkensii (Dammer) Verdc. is a flowering plant from the family Convolvulaceae. It is also commonly known as Purple Woodbine or Perennial Morning Glory. This plant is mainly found in tropical and subtropical areas of Africa, including Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, and Ethiopia.
Appearance
Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii is a perennial plant that can grow up to 4 meters in height. Its stem is woody and gray-brown in color, covered with fine hairs. The leaves are heart-shaped, with a length of 13 to 16 cm and a width of 9 to 16 cm. They are also hairy on the underside. The flowers are pink or purple in color, funnel-shaped, and around 5 cm in length. They bloom from October to April.
Uses
The roots, leaves, and stems of Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii have been traditionally used in African medicine for various purposes. The root is believed to have antimicrobial and antifungal properties, while the sap from the plant has been used to treat skin infections. Additionally, the plant has been used to treat respiratory problems such as coughs and asthma. In Uganda, the leaves are commonly consumed as a vegetable, either cooked or raw, and are rich in proteins, iron, and vitamins.
The plant is also known for its ornamental value, with its attractive flowers and lush foliage. It is sometimes grown in gardens or used as a hedge.
Light and Temperature Requirements
Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii typically grows best in areas with plenty of bright light, but it can also tolerate partial shade. Direct sunlight for prolonged periods, however, can scorch the leaves. This plant is native to tropical regions, so it prefers temperatures between 65 and 85 degrees Fahrenheit (18 to 29 degrees Celsius). Temperatures below 50 degrees Fahrenheit (10 degrees Celsius) can cause damage to the leaves and slow down growth.
Soil Requirements
To thrive, Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii needs well-draining, fertile soil that is consistently moist, though not waterlogged. Sandy loam or loamy soil is ideal, with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (around 6.0 to 7.0). This plant can also grow in clay soil as long as it is not compacted.
Fertilizer and Watering
The plant can benefit from regular fertilization, particularly during the growing season in the summer months. A balanced fertilizer with equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium can help encourage healthy foliage growth and flowering. Watering should be consistent, but not excessive, to avoid waterlogging. Aim to keep the soil evenly moist, but not drenched. During hot weather, the plant may require more frequent watering.
Propagation and Maintenance
Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii can be propagated by stem cuttings or by seeds. Cuttings can be taken from healthy mature stems and rooted in a well-draining potting mix. Seeds can also be sown in the spring or summer. To keep the plant tidy and encourage new growth, it is important to prune it regularly. Remove any dead, damaged, or yellowed leaves as soon as possible to prevent the spread of disease.
Cultivation
Astripomoea malvacea (Klotzsch) A.Meeuse var. volkensii (Dammer) Verdc. is a tropical plant that requires warm temperatures ranging from 21-30°C for optimal growth. It thrives in rich, well-drained soils with a pH level between 5.5 and 7.5. It can be cultivated both indoors and outdoors, depending on the climate.
Watering Needs
The plant requires consistent watering, keeping the soil moist but not waterlogged. It is important to avoid both drought and over-watering, as both can lead to plant damage. Watering should be done in the early morning or late afternoon to avoid water loss through evaporation. During winter, the plant may require less frequent watering.
Fertilization
Astripomoea malvacea can benefit from regular fertilization to promote healthy growth and foliage. A balanced fertilizer can be applied once a month during the growing season. It's essential to follow the instructions carefully and avoid over-fertilizing, which can lead to salt buildup in the soil.
Pruning
Pruning is an essential method to maintain the plant's shape, promote growth, and prevent disease. Astripomoea malvacea requires regular pruning every spring to promote new growth. It's recommended to cut back the plant by about one-third of its size. Faded flowers and dead or yellow leaves should also be pruned regularly to avoid disease spread.
Propagation of Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii
Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii is commonly known as the "Volkens' morning glory" plant. It is an evergreen climber native to tropical Africa. Propagation of Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii is generally easy and can be achieved through various methods.
Propagation by Seed
Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii can be propagated by seed. Sow the seeds in a pot or seed tray filled with a well-draining potting mix. The seeds require warmth and moisture to germinate. Therefore, cover the tray with plastic wrap or a clear lid to maintain moisture. Place the tray in a warm, bright area. Once they begin to sprout, remove the cover and gradually introduce them to more light.
Propagation by Cuttings
Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii can also be propagated through stem cuttings. Take a cutting of 7 to 10 cm from a healthy plant stem. Place the cutting in a well-draining potting mix. Place the pot in a warm area with bright, indirect light. Keep the soil moist and not wet. The roots should begin to grow in about four weeks.
Propagation by Layering
Layering is another propagation method for Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii. Select a healthy branch and scrape away a section of the bark to expose the inner layer of the stem. Next, bend the branch into the soil and anchor it in place. Cover the area with soil, keeping the tip of the cutting exposed. Roots should emerge from the buried section in six to eight weeks.
Conclusion
Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii is an attractive plant with beautiful flowers and foliage. It can be propagated relatively easily through seed, cuttings, or layering. Practice the propagation methods that best fit your climate, abilities, and tools to create more plants and enhance its beauty in your garden or greenhouse.
Disease Management for Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii
Several diseases can affect Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii, including:
- Fungal Leaf Spot: This disease appears as circular brown spots on the leaves of the plant, which may eventually turn yellow and fall off. One way to manage this disease is by removing infected leaves and applying a fungicide to prevent further spread.
- Powdery Mildew: Powdery mildew appears as a white, powdery coating on the leaves. This disease thrives in humid conditions and can be prevented by avoiding overcrowding of plants with adequate ventilation and light. Fungicides can be used to control powdery mildew, but prevention is the best course of action.
- Root Rot: Root rot is caused by a fungus that attacks the roots of the plant, causing them to turn brown and mushy. To prevent root rot, plant Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii in well-draining soil and avoid overwatering.
Pest Management for Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii
Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii can also be affected by pests, such as:
- Aphids: Aphids are small, pear-shaped insects that suck sap from the plant, causing distortion and discoloration of leaves. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can be used to control aphids.
- Spider Mites: Spider mites are tiny pests that feed on the undersides of leaves, causing yellowed or stippled foliage. They thrive in hot and dry conditions, so keeping the plant well-hydrated and regularly misting the leaves can help prevent infestations. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can also be used to control spider mites.
- Caterpillars: Caterpillars can chew on the leaves of the plant, causing holes and damage. Handpicking caterpillars and using Bacillus thuringiensis, a natural bacterial insecticide, can control these pests.
