Overview
Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. is a species of flowering plant that belongs to the family Fabaceae. It is also known as the Terminal Milkvetch or the Coral-Root Milkvetch. This plant is native to the western United States and can be found in the states of Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
Appearance
Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. has a unique appearance that can help distinguish it from other plants. It grows up to 40 cm in height and has compound leaves with 7 to 17 leaflets, which are narrowly oblong to oblanceolate. The flowers of the Terminal Milkvetch are pink to reddish-violet in color with a pea-like shape, and may be solitary or in pairs. The fruit of this plant is a small, oblong pod with a pointed tip.
Uses
The Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. plant has medicinal properties and has been used by some Native American tribes to treat various health conditions such as coughs, colds, and fever. Some studies have shown that this plant may have anti-inflammatory properties and may be effective in improving immune function. In addition to its medicinal uses, the Terminal Milkvetch is also used as an ornamental plant in gardens and landscapes.
It is important to note that while this plant has potential health benefits, it should not be consumed without first consulting a healthcare professional. Some species of Astragalus contain compounds that may interact with certain medications and may not be safe for everyone.
Light Requirements
Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. requires full sun to partial shade for optimal growth. In their natural habitat, these plants tend to grow in areas with plenty of sunlight and well-draining soils. When growing indoors, placing the plant in a well-lit area such as near a South-facing window helps promote growth.
Temperature Requirements
The ideal temperature range for the growth of Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. is between 68 °F and 77 °F (20 °C and 25 °C). These plants can tolerate temperatures as low as 50 °F (10 °C) and as high as 90 °F (32 °C), but they will grow best within the ideal temperature range. Extreme heat or cold can damage the plant's growth and development.
Soil Requirements
Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. prefer well-draining, sandy soils with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5. These plants can grow in a range of soil types and soil textures, but they don't tolerate wet or poorly-drained soils. Adding organic matter such as compost will help improve soil structure and promote optimal growth.
Cultivation of Astragalus terminalis S. Wats.
Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. is a hardy perennial plant that requires little maintenance once established, making it an excellent choice for gardeners of all skill levels. The plant originates from the western regions of North America, where it thrives in rocky and sandy soils.
The best time to plant Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. is in the spring or fall when the temperatures are mild. Choose a location that receives full sun or partial shade and has well-draining soil.
The plant can be propagated from seed or cuttings. If using seeds, it is best to scarify the seed coat before planting to encourage germination. Just lightly scratch the seed coat with sandpaper or nick it with a knife.
Watering Needs for Astragalus terminalis S. Wats.
Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. is drought-tolerant, and once established, it requires minimal watering. In fact, overwatering can harm the plant, so it is best to let the soil dry out before watering again.
When first planted, water the plant deeply once a week to encourage root growth. After the first year, reduce watering to once every two weeks or when the soil is dry to the touch.
Fertilizing Astragalus terminalis S. Wats.
Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. is a nitrogen-fixing plant, which means it can create its nitrogen from symbiotic bacteria in the soil. Therefore, it does not require additional fertilization.
However, if the soil is poor or lacking in nutrients, you can apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in the spring before new growth appears. Follow the package instructions and apply only the recommended amount.
Pruning Astragalus terminalis S. Wats.
Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. requires minimal pruning, but deadheading spent blooms will encourage more flowers to form.
In the fall, after the plant has finished blooming, you can cut it back to a few inches above the soil level. This will help maintain the plant's shape and prevent it from becoming too leggy.
Propagation of Astragalus terminalis S. Wats.
Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. can be propagated through seeds or by cuttings. Both methods are relatively easy and straightforward.
Propagation by Seeds
Propagation by seeds is the most common method used for Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. This method can be carried out indoors or outdoors, depending on personal preference and climate. Here are the steps for propagating Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. by seeds:
- Collect seeds from mature plants in the fall before they naturally disperse or purchase them from a reputable supplier.
- Scarify the seeds by rubbing them between two pieces of sandpaper gently. This step helps break down the seed's hard outer layer, allowing it to germinate more quickly.
- Soak the seeds in water for one to two hours.
- Plant the seeds in well-drained soil in a location that receives full sunlight. The ideal soil should be slightly acidic and have a pH range of 6.5 to 7.5.
- Water the seeds well and keep the soil consistently moist. Germination should occur within two to three weeks.
- Once the seedlings reach about three inches tall, they can be transplanted to their permanent location.
Propagation by Cuttings
Propagation by cuttings is another method used for Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. This method is faster than seed propagation, and it can produce new plants that are genetically identical to the parent plant. Here are the steps for propagating Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. by cuttings:
- Take cuttings from healthy, mature plants during the summer months. Choose stems that are firm and have no flowers or buds.
- Fill a pot with well-draining potting soil and water the soil to moisten it.
- Dip the cuttings' base ends in rooting hormone and insert them about an inch deep into the potting soil.
- Water the cuttings well and cover them with a clear plastic bag to create a humid environment.
- Place the pot in a bright location but out of direct sunlight. Maintain a temperature between 65 and 75 degrees Fahrenheit.
- After about two to three weeks, the plants should start showing new growth, indicating root formation. Once the plants become established, they can be transplanted to their permanent location.
Disease and Pest Management for Astragalus Terminalis S. Wats.
Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. is a hardy herbaceous perennial plant that is relatively free from pests and diseases. However, it can still be affected by a few insect pests and diseases. Here is a list of some of the common pests and diseases that can affect the plant, and ways to manage them:
Insect Pests
Aphids: These are small, soft-bodied insects that suck the sap out of the plant, causing the leaves to curl and distort. They are particularly fond of young, tender growth. To manage aphids, spray the plant with a jet of water or use insecticidal soap.
Spider mites: These are tiny, spider-like creatures that suck the sap out of the plant's leaves, leaving them yellow and speckled. They thrive in dry, dusty conditions. To manage spider mites, spray the plant with a jet of water or use insecticidal soap.
Diseases
Root rot: This is a fungal disease that affects the roots of the plant, causing them to decay and turn brown. Plants affected by root rot often appear wilted and stunted. To manage root rot, make sure the plant is growing in well-draining soil and avoid over-watering.
Powdery mildew: This is a fungal disease that appears as a white powdery coating on the leaves of the plant. It can occur in humid conditions and can spread quickly. To manage powdery mildew, prune infected leaves and spray the plant with a solution of one part milk to ten parts water.
Yellowing: This is a condition in which the plant's leaves turn yellow and eventually fall off. It can be caused by a range of factors, including over-watering, under-watering, poor drainage, and nutrient deficiencies. To manage yellowing, make sure the plant is growing in well-draining soil and is watered properly.
By being vigilant and monitoring the plant regularly, most problems can be identified and dealt with before they become serious. With proper care, Astragalus terminalis S. Wats. can grow healthy and strong.
