Origin
Astragalus saurinus Barneby is a perennial plant that belongs to the legume family Fabaceae and is native to western North America, specifically the United States (Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, and Nevada) and Mexico (Chihuahuan Desert).
Common Names
The common names for Astragalus saurinus Barneby include Saur's milkvetch, sand milkvetch, and Saur's astragalus.
Uses
Astragalus saurinus Barneby has historically been used for its medicinal properties, particularly among various Native American tribes, including the Hopi and Navajo. The plant has been used to treat colds, coughs, and fever, as well as for its anti-inflammatory properties.
Additionally, the plant is useful as forage for livestock, providing nourishment to sheep and cattle.
General Appearance
Astragalus saurinus Barneby is a low-lying perennial that can grow up to 15 cm tall and has a sprawling habit. The plant has a taproot system and produces clusters of leaves that are divided into 7-13 leaflets, which are linear and hairy, and grow up to 4 cm in length.
The flowers of the plant bloom from April to June and are purple with white or yellow coloration on the banner (the top petal of the flower). The fruit that follows the flower is a flattened pod that is 1-2 cm long and produces seeds that are 3 mm in length.
The plant grows in sandy soils in desert scrub, pinyon-juniper, and oak woodlands habitats, and can be found at altitudes of up to 3000 m above sea level.
Light Requirements
The plant Astragalus saurinus Barneby requires full sunlight for its growth. It cannot tolerate shade or partial sunlight. The plant needs a minimum of six hours of direct sunlight every day to flourish. If the plant is grown in an area with less than six hours of direct sunlight, it will not flower and produce seeds.
Temperature Requirements
The plant Astragalus saurinus Barneby grows best in a warm environment with a dry climate. The ideal temperature for the plant ranges between 20°C - 30°C (68°F - 86°F). The plant cannot tolerate frost or cold temperatures; therefore, it must be protected from harsh winter weather. If grown in areas with winter frost, the plant must be brought indoors during the cold season and transplanted outdoors when temperatures rise.
Soil Requirements
This plant requires well-draining, sandy, or rocky soil. The soil must have a pH range of 7 to 8.5, that is, in the alkaline category. The plant does not grow well in acidic soil. The soil must be able to retain water because the plant has a shallow root system. To improve soil drainage, sand or gravel can be added to the soil. In areas where the soil is hard, it is advisable to amend it with compost or manure. If the soil is too rich, it will result in stunted growth of the plant.
Cultivation methods
Astragalus saurinus Barneby is a hardy plant that can thrive in a variety of soil types, including sandy and loamy soil. To cultivate this plant ensure that the soil is well-draining, pH balanced, and rich in nutrients. Plant the seeds half-inch deep in the soil and cover them with a thin layer of soil. This plant prefers a location with full sunlight exposure, and it can withstand a wide range of temperatures.
Watering needs
Watering the plant properly is essential for its growth. This plant requires moderate watering, and it is essential to keep the soil moist but not drenched. Plan your watering schedule according to the weather conditions and adjust it accordingly. Always ensure that the soil is dry before watering and, make sure the water reaches the roots. Avoid overwatering or letting the soil dry out completely.
Fertilization
Astragalus saurinus Barneby is a native plant that does not require frequent fertilization. However, applying a balanced fertilizer during the growing season can promote its growth. Apply the fertilizer once at the beginning of the growing season and repeat after the plant has started blooming. It is crucial to apply the fertilizer according to the manufacturer's instructions, and avoid over-fertilization.
Pruning
Pruning the plant is not necessary, but if you prefer a neat appearance, trim the plant to your desired shape. Trim any dead or damaged branches during the fall or winter season. It is crucial to use sterilized pruning shears to prevent the spread of any diseases. Avoid pruning during the flowering season, as this can reduce the number of blooms.
Propagation of Astragalus saurinus Barneby
Astragalus saurinus Barneby is a beautiful perennial plant species that is often propagated from seeds. However, cuttings and division can also be used to propagate the plant.
Propagation from Seeds
Propagation from seeds is the most common method of propagating Astragalus saurinus Barneby. The seeds are usually surface-sown in well-draining soil, either in seed trays or directly into the ground. Before sowing, the seeds should be scarified to help break their hard seed coat, which can take several years to break down naturally. Scarification can be achieved using sandpaper, a knife, or by soaking the seeds in hot water overnight.
The soil should be kept moist and warm, ideally around 20 to 25°C, until the seedlings emerge. Germination usually occurs within two to four weeks. Once the seedlings have grown larger and have developed a few leaves, they can be transplanted to their permanent location.
Propagation from Cuttings
Astragalus saurinus Barneby can also be propagated from stem cuttings. The best time to take the cuttings is in the spring or early summer months when the plant is actively growing. Cuttings should be taken from healthy shoots and should be approximately 10cm in length.
The cuttings should be treated with a rooting hormone before being planted in a well-draining soil mix. The pot should then be placed in a warm, bright spot and the soil kept moist. After approximately six weeks, roots should start to appear, and the plant can be transplanted to a larger pot or placed in the ground.
Propagation by Division
Astragalus saurinus Barneby can also be propagated by division. This method involves separating the plant into several smaller sections, each with its own roots and shoots. This method is best done in the spring or early autumn when the plant is starting to grow again.
To divide the plant, carefully remove it from the soil and separate it into two or more sections using a clean knife or garden fork. Each section should have a portion of the root system and several shoots. The sections can then be replanted in a well-draining soil mix and kept moist until new growth appears.
Disease Management
The plant Astragalus saurinus Barneby, also known as Saur Astragalus, is prone to certain fungal and bacterial diseases. Here are some common ones and how to manage them:
- Anthracnose: This fungal disease causes irregular brown spots on the leaves and stems. To manage it, prune any infected plant parts and destroy them to prevent the disease from spreading. Apply a fungicide to the plant following the manufacturer's instructions.
- Root Rot: Overwatering can cause the roots to rot and eventually kill the plant. Trim off any rotted roots and replace the soil with fresh potting soil. Water the plant only when the top inch of soil is dry to the touch.
- Bacterial Wilt: This disease causes the plant to wilt and die. There is no cure for bacterial wilt. Destroy any infected plants and do not replant in the same area for several years.
Pest Management
Astragalus saurinus Barneby is generally not bothered by pests, but some common ones to watch out for are:
- Aphids: These small insects can suck the sap from the leaves and stems, causing the plant to weaken and yellow. Use a strong spray of water to knock them off the plant or apply insecticidal soap following the manufacturer's instructions.
- Spider Mites: These tiny pests can cause the leaves to yellow and develop a stippled appearance. Spray the plant with water to dislodge them or apply an insecticide specifically labeled for spider mites.
- Thrips: Thrips cause the leaves to become distorted and may cause the flowers to turn brown and fall off too soon. Spray the plant with insecticidal soap or use yellow sticky traps to catch them.
Regularly inspecting your plant and promptly addressing any issues can help keep it healthy and thriving.
