Origin
Asplenium ruta-muraria L. var. ohionis (Fern.) Wherry, commonly known as the wall-rue spleenwort, is a fern species that originated from North America. It can be found growing naturally in the eastern part of the United States.
Common Names
The wall-rue spleenwort is also commonly known as the Ohio spleenwort or Ohio limestone spleenwort due to its natural habitat and location where it is often found growing.
Uses
Wall-rue spleenwort is known for its medicinal properties. It is often used to treat liver complaints, kidney problems, and to relieve coughs. It has also been used as a folk remedy to soothe the symptoms of tuberculosis, rheumatism, and ulcers.
Additionally, the wall-rue spleenwort is a popular plant within the horticultural industry due to its attractive, dark green fronds. It is often used as a ground cover, particularly in shaded areas, and is also a common choice for gardeners looking to create a rock garden or woodland garden.
General Appearance
The wall-rue spleenwort is a perennial fern that grows in clumps, with each clump reaching up to 30cm in height and 60cm in width. The fronds are triangular in shape with a dark green, leathery texture. The plant is often found growing on calcareous rocks, cliffs, or crevices in areas with neutral to basic soil pH. The leaves of the wall-rue spleenwort are finely divided and have a distinct pattern, with each frond composed of several leaflets that flow in an outward direction.
The wall-rue spleenwort is a hardy fern that can tolerate drought, high humidity, and high temperatures up to a certain extent. Its ability to thrive in rocky conditions and tolerate harsh environmental conditions makes it a popular choice for gardens, particularly in shaded areas.
Growth Conditions for Asplenium ruta-muraria L. var. ohionis (Fern.) Wherry
Light: Asplenium ruta-muraria L. var. ohionis typically grows in shaded areas, such as the understory of forests or in rocky crevices. They can withstand low levels of light but prefer moderate to bright, indirect light.
Temperature: This fern species thrives in cool to mild temperatures ranging from 50°F to 70°F (10°C to 21°C). Extreme heat or cold can damage or kill the plant.
Soil Requirements: The Asplenium ruta-muraria L. var. ohionis prefers well-draining, fertile soil that is high in organic matter. It is tolerant of a wide range of soil pH levels, from acidic to slightly alkaline (pH 5.5 to 7.5).
Moisture: This fern species prefers evenly moist conditions. Regular watering is necessary to keep the soil moist, but avoid overwatering as it can lead to root rot or other fungal diseases. The fern thrives in high humidity environments.
Fertilizer: Asplenium ruta-muraria L. var. ohionis does not require regular fertilization but can benefit from a balanced fertilizer during the growing season. Be careful to avoid over-fertilizing, as it can damage the plant.
Propagation: This fern can be propagated by spores or division of established plants. Propagation by spores requires a sterile environment and consistent moisture.
Pruning: The Asplenium ruta-muraria L. var. ohionis does not require regular pruning, but removing dead fronds or pinching back the tips of new growth can promote a fuller, bushier plant.
Cultivation Methods
Asplenium ruta-muraria L. var. ohionis (Fern.) Wherry is commonly referred to as the Ohio spleenwort or rustyback. Growing this plant requires the right conditions to thrive. It favors a well-drained soil that contains humus and is slightly acidic. The plant prefers partial to full shade and the spot chosen must be sheltered to avoid drying winds. Plant the fern in rock gardens, shaded slopes, or as a ground cover beneath trees.
Watering Needs
Ohio spleenwort requires regular watering. However, excessive water can lead to root rot and damage the plant. It is important to maintain soil moisture and avoid dry soil. Water the fern regularly but provide an appropriate drainage system to prevent water logger conditions.
Fertilization
Applying fertilizer is not needed for fern plants growing in garden or outdoor environments. However, when planting in a pot, yearly fertilizing will increase the longevity of the plant and improve its growth. Fertilize in spring and autumn, using a balanced organic fertilizer, but do not over-fertilize as it will damage the plant.
Pruning
Pruning the shriveled leaves of a dying fern is necessary in maintaining the plant. However, ensure that the roots are not exposed and the remaining leaves are healthy. Ohio spleenwort does not need pruning as it retains the growth pattern of leaves at the roots. The plant will shed the old leaves naturally as new fronds emerge to take their place.
Propagation of Asplenium ruta-muraria L. var. ohionis (Fern.) Wherry
Asplenium ruta-muraria L. var. ohionis (Fern.) Wherry, commonly known as the Ohio spleenwort, is a fern that belongs to the family Aspleniaceae. It is a small, evergreen plant that is native to the eastern United States, particularly Ohio. Propagating this plant can be done through spores and division.
Propagation by Spores
Propagating Asplenium ruta-muraria L. var. ohionis through spores is a relatively easy process. Collect the spores from the mature fronds of the plant, which can be done by placing a piece of paper under the frond and tapping it gently. The spores will fall onto the paper and can be collected. Next, sprinkle the spores onto the surface of moist soil in a seed tray. Cover the tray with a plastic bag to maintain moisture and place it in a shaded area. The spores will germinate in a few weeks, and the young plants can be transplanted into individual pots once they are large enough to handle.
Propagation by Division
Another method to propagate Asplenium ruta-muraria L. var. ohionis is through division. This method involves separating the plant into smaller sections and planting them as individual plants. The best time to do this is in the spring when the new growth is just beginning to emerge. Carefully dig up the plant and separate the clumps into smaller sections. Each section should have several fronds and a portion of the root system. Replant the sections into pots or directly into the ground. The new plants should be watered well and kept in a shaded area until they are established.
Disease and Pest Management for Asplenium Ruta-muraria L. var. Ohionis (Fern.) Wherry
Asplenium ruta-muraria L. var. ohionis (Fern.) Wherry is generally a low-maintenance plant, but it is still susceptible to diseases and pests that can damage its health and appearance. Here are some common diseases and pests that might affect this plant and some ways to manage them.
Diseases
Fungal Leaf Spot - This disease can cause small, circular, or irregular brown spots on the fern's fronds. The leaves may turn yellow or wither if the fungal infection is severe. Planting the fern in well-drained soil, avoiding overhead watering, and ensuring good air circulation can help to prevent this disease. Fungal infections can be treated with fungicides.
Root Rot - Overwatering and poorly drained soil can cause root rot. The roots become mushy, darkened, and poorly developed. The best way to prevent root rot is to avoid overwatering the plant, make sure the soil is well-drained, and plant in pots with drainage holes. If root rot has already set in, you can manage it by treating the plant with a fungicide and repotting it in fresh, well-draining soil.
Pests
Mealybugs - These soft-bodied insects can infest the fern's fronds and cause yellowing or wilting. They look like small, white, cottony masses. Spraying the plant with a solution of 1 part rubbing alcohol to 3 parts water can help to control mealybug infestations. You can also use insecticidal soap or neem oil to treat the plant.
Scale Insects - Scale insects can infest the leaves and stems of the plant, causing yellowing, wilting and a stunted growth rate. They appear as small, circular, raised bumps on the stems and leaves. The best method of control is to remove the affected foliage. You can also use insecticidal soap or neem oil to treat the plant.
By taking preventative measures and managing diseases and pests promptly, you can ensure the long-term health and beauty of your Asplenium Ruta-muraria L. var. Ohionis (Fern.) Wherry.
