Origin
Aspidoglossum carinatum (Schltr.) Kupicha is a species of orchid that is native to the African continent. It is commonly found in the central and east African countries of Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Common Names
Aspidoglossum carinatum is commonly referred to as the Carinate-Lip Aspidoglossum. It is also known by its Swahili name "Chandarua," which translates to "mosquito net" in English. This name is likely due to the plant's use in traditional medicine as a mosquito repellent.
Uses
The Carinate-Lip Aspidoglossum has been used by indigenous people for medicinal and practical purposes. In traditional Eastern African medicine, it has been used as an insect repellent and as a remedy for various ailments such as fever and diarrhea. Additionally, the plant is used for decoration and as a source of ornamental flowers.
General Appearance
The Aspidoglossum carinatum is a small, terrestrial orchid that typically grows up to 20-30 cm in height. The plant features slender stems, and its leaves are narrow and lance-shaped, with a length of about 10-20 cm. At the top of the stem, the Carinate-Lip aspidoglossum produces a single, erect flower spike that bears several small, greenish-yellow flowers with a characteristic curved lip. The plant's stem and leaves are densely covered with numerous fine hairs.
Growth Conditions for Aspidoglossum carinatum (Schltr.) Kupicha
Aspidoglossum carinatum (Schltr.) Kupicha is an epiphytic orchid that is found in the Malaysian Peninsula, Borneo, and Sumatra at elevations between 600 and 1400 meters. The following are its typical growth conditions:
Light
This orchid requires moderate to bright light, and therefore, it is essential to ensure that it receives enough light. However, it is also important to prevent it from being exposed to direct sunlight for an extended period since high levels of light can result in sunburn on the leaves and roots.
Temperature
Aspidoglossum carinatum grows well in warm to intermediate temperatures ranging between 18°C and 28°C. Therefore, it is important to maintain the temperature within this range since any temperature extremes can damage the plant.
Humidity
As a tropical orchid, this plant requires high levels of humidity to thrive. The recommended humidity range is between 50% and 70%. Therefore, it is important to ensure that the plant is exposed to high humidity levels by misting it regularly and placing it in a room with a humidifier.
Air Circulation
Good air circulation is essential when growing Aspidoglossum carinatum since it is prone to fungal and bacterial infections. Good air circulation helps to eliminate high moisture levels and prevent the accumulation of stagnant air. Therefore, it is recommended to use a fan or leave a window open to ensure proper air flow.
Soil Requirements
Since this orchid is an epiphyte, it does not grow in soil. Instead, it belongs to the group of plants that grow on trees. Therefore, it is recommended to grow it in a mixture of bark chips, sphagnum moss, and perlite or other well-draining mediums such as coconut coir.
It is important to note that the mix should not contain soil since it will lead to root rot and poor growth. Furthermore, it is essential to ensure that the medium is well-draining to prevent the accumulation of water, which can also lead to root rot.
Cultivation Method of Aspidoglossum carinatum
Aspidoglossum carinatum can be cultivated both indoors and outdoors. The plant prefers partial shade or indirect sunlight, so it's essential to provide it with a bright but not overly sunny spot. Plant it in well-draining soil, and make sure the pot or planting bed has good drainage to avoid waterlogging.
For indoor cultivation, use a pot with drainage holes and place a saucer underneath to collect any excess water. When planting outdoors, create beds or plant it on the slopes to help with draining water away from the roots.
Watering Needs of Aspidoglossum carinatum
Aspidoglossum carinatum requires regular watering, as its soil must remain moist to thrive. During the growing season, it's recommended watering the plant twice a week, while during the dormant season, cut down on watering but not to the point of letting the soil dry out completely.
When watering, drench the soil enough to wet it evenly, but avoid soaking the leaves or flowers to prevent fungal growth or rot.
Fertilizing Aspidoglossum carinatum
It's necessary to feed Aspidoglossum carinatum regularly to ensure optimal growth and flowering. Use a balanced fertilizer with equal N-P-K ratios or one with higher phosphorus levels to promote blooming.
Apply the fertilizer every two weeks during the growing season, following the recommended dosage on the package, but avoid overfeeding the plant as it can damage the roots.
Pruning Aspidoglossum carinatum
Pruning Aspidoglossum carinatum is essential to keep it tidy and encourage new growth. Prune anytime, but it's best to prune right after flowering.
Cut off the dead flowers, stalks, and leaves regularly to help improve the plant's appearance and prevent the build-up of dead plant matter that can provide hiding places for pests and fungi. By keeping the plant clean, healthy, and well-presented, you will encourage new growth and maintain its longevity.
Propagation of Aspidoglossum carinatum (Schltr.) Kupicha
Aspidoglossum carinatum (Schltr.) Kupicha, commonly known as the Carinate-leaved Aspidoglossum, is a terrestrial, deciduous orchid that is native to Madagascar. This plant can be propagated through various methods, including seed propagation and vegetative propagation.
Seed propagation
Seed propagation is a common method used to propagate Aspidoglossum carinatum. This process involves obtaining mature seed pods from blooming plants. The seed pods should be allowed to mature and split open on their own. The seeds should then be extracted and washed, and then planted in a pot filled with a well-draining medium. The pot should be placed in a bright location, but not in direct sunlight. The seeds typically take 2-6 weeks to germinate, and it may take up to several years for the plants to bloom.
Vegetative propagation
Vegetative propagation is another method used to propagate Aspidoglossum carinatum. This process involves separating the plant into several sections and planting each section in its own pot. The sections should be carefully removed from the mother plant, taking care to gently remove any debris or damaged roots. The sections should then be potted in a well-draining medium and placed in a bright location. It may take several weeks for the sections to establish themselves and begin to grow.
Overall, Aspidoglossum carinatum can be propagated through either seed propagation or vegetative propagation. Both methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, so it is important to choose the method that is best suited to your individual needs and preferences.
Disease and Pest Management for Aspidoglossum carinatum (Schltr.) Kupicha
Aspidoglossum carinatum (Schltr.) Kupicha is a tropical orchid native to New Guinea. It is a beautiful plant that blooms in summer with yellow-green flowers. Like any other plant, Aspidoglossum carinatum is prone to various diseases and pests that can harm the plant's growth and health. Below are the common diseases and pests that might affect Aspidoglossum carinatum and ways to manage them:
Diseases
Fungal Infections: Fungal infections are common in orchids, and Aspidoglossum carinatum is no exception. Symptoms of fungal infections include irregular brown spots, yellowing leaves, and stunted growth. To manage fungal infections, remove affected leaves and stems immediately. Use a fungicide according to instructions to prevent further spread of the infection. Maintain proper ventilation, avoid overwatering, and provide enough sunlight to prevent future infections.
Bacterial Infections: Bacterial infections are common in plants that are overwatered. Symptoms of bacterial infections include soft spots on leaves, discoloration, and foul-smelling growth. To manage bacterial infections, remove affected leaves and stems immediately. Use a bactericide according to instructions to destroy bacteria that have colonized the plant. Be sure to avoid overwatering and improve air circulation to prevent future bacterial infections.
Viral Infections: Viral infections are the most challenging to manage as there is no single cure for them. Symptoms of viral infections include yellow spots on leaves, stunted growth, and leaf twisting. If you suspect viral infection, consider removing the infected part immediately to prevent further spread. Ensure to maintain plant hygiene by regularly disinfecting tools after use.
Pests
Spider Mites: Spider mites are tiny pests that suck sap from Aspidoglossum carinatum leaves, causing discoloration and leaf drop. To manage spider mites, use a recommended miticide. Monitor and regularly inspect the leaves of the plant to detect an infestation early.
Scale Insects: Scale insects are sap-sucking insects that attach themselves to the leaves of the plant. Symptoms of scale infestation include yellowing leaves, stunted growth, and sooty mold development. To manage scale insects, use a recommended insecticide. Use a soft brush to remove scale insects from the plant and wipe off the sooty mold if present.
Mealybugs: Mealybugs are white, soft-bodied insects that produce a powdery wax layer on Aspidoglossum carinatum's stem and leaves. Mealybugs cause yellowing and stunted growth of the plant. To manage mealybugs, remove them manually using a soft brush or cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol. Use an insecticide on the plant and potential hiding locations.
In conclusion, managing diseases and pests in Aspidoglossum carinatum requires early detection and prompt management. Ensure to maintain proper hygiene, provide the appropriate conditions for plant growth and monitor the plant's health regularly.
