Origin
The Arundinella chevalieri (A.Camus & C.E.Hubb.) Roberty is a species of grass from the Poaceae family. This plant is endemic to the highlands of tropical Africa, including Cameroon, Gabon, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Common Names
This grass species has several common names depending on the region. In Cameroon, it is known as "Nubia", while in Gabon, it is called "Avia". The plant is also referred to as Chevalier's pipestem in English.
Uses
The Arundinella chevalieri is an important forage crop for livestock, especially in regions where grazing lands are limited. It is highly nutritious and has good palatability. In Cameroon, the plant is used for thatching huts and in weaving baskets and mats. Also, it is used in traditional medicine as a treatment for various ailments such as coughs, colds, and stomach pains.
General Appearance
The Arundinella chevalieri is a grass species that grows up to 1-1.5 meters tall. It has a slender stem that is hollow with nodes that are widely spaced. The leaves are narrow and elongated, measuring up to 25 cm in length and 3 mm in width. The flowering structures of the plant are arranged on a spike-like panicle that is up to 16 cm long. Each spikelet comprises up to six florets, each about 1.5 mm long. The plant grows in dense clusters and prefers moist soils with good drainage.
Light Requirements
Arundinella chevalieri is a plant that has a preference for full sunlight. It needs at least six hours of direct sunlight every day to grow properly. Consequently, it is not advisable to plant it in areas that are regularly shaded. In well-lit areas, it grows healthy and vigorously, showing off its full potential.
Temperature Requirements
The plant grows best in a warm environment. It needs moderate to high temperatures to reach its full growth potential. The plant thrives well in temperatures ranging between 20°C and 35°C, with the optimal temperature lying between 25°C and 28°C. Temperatures below 20°C can slow down the growth of A. chevalieri. In regions where temperatures drop below 10°C, it is best to grow the plant indoors.
Soil Requirements
Arundinella chevalieri grows well in well-drained, fertile soil. The plant needs to be grown in soil that is rich in organic matter, with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5. A. chevalieri can grow in different types of soil, but it thrives best in loamy soil. It is tolerant of both sandy and clay soils as long as they are well-drained. Good soil drainage is essential to prevent the plant from suffocating due to waterlogging.
Cultivation guidelines for Arundinella chevalieri
Arundinella chevalieri is an ideal plant for gardens, landscaping, and even pasture because of its perennial growth habit and hardiness. It thrives well in warm, humid areas and requires minimal maintenance compared to other grass species.
Watering needs
This plant is accustomed to tropical conditions and can tolerate drought, but it should be watered regularly to boost growth. Watering once or twice every week is recommended to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. However, it would be best to reduce watering during the cold season to prevent root rot.
Fertilization
Fertilization is essential to keep the grass green and healthy. Arundinella chevalieri requires regular application of nitrogen-rich fertilizers to expedite growth. The application rates are dependent on the soil type, but the ideal dosage range is about 2-3lb of nitrogen per 1000 sq.ft
Pruning
Pruning is vital to maintain an aesthetically pleasing appearance and encourage growth. Prune the grass by cutting back the blades to about 3-4 inches, but avoid cutting too much or too frequently as it may damage the plant.
Propagation of Arundinella chevalieri
Arundinella chevalieri is a perennial grass that is native to Africa. The best method to propagate this plant is through seed germination. However, it can also be propagated through division.
Seed germination
Seeds of the Arundinella chevalieri plant can be obtained from the matured seeds of the plant. The seeds should be collected when they are ripe and fully matured. After the collection, the seeds should be dried and stored in a cool and dry place. The germination process of Arundinella chevalieri can be improved by scarifying the seed coat. This can be done by filing or nicking the seed coat slightly before planting. The seeds should be planted in well-drained soil and provided with sufficient moisture. The best time to plant the seeds is during the rainy season.
Division
Arundinella chevalieri can also be propagated through division. The best time for division is during the beginning of the growing season. The process begins by digging up the plant and separating the plant clumps into smaller sections. These sections should have an adequate root system and a good portion of the plant stem. The divided sections should be immediately replanted in well-drained soil. The soil around the plant should be kept moist until the plant is established.
Disease Management of Arundinella chevalieri
Arundinella chevalieri is not susceptible to many diseases. However, it can be affected by some fungal diseases. Leaf spots and rust are the most common fungal diseases that affect this plant.
To manage fungal diseases, it is important to maintain a clean and hygienic growing environment. Ensure that the plants are not overcrowded and receive adequate sunlight and air circulation. Avoid overhead watering and keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Infected plant material should be removed and destroyed immediately to prevent the spread of the disease.
Pest Management of Arundinella chevalieri
Arundinella chevalieri is relatively pest-resistant, but some pests can still attack it. The most common pests affecting this plant are grasshoppers, caterpillars, and aphids.
To manage pest infestations, the use of pesticides should be a last resort. Instead, try manual methods such as physical removal of the pests by handpicking or spraying water on the leaves to dislodge them. Introducing natural predators such as ladybugs and praying mantises can also be effective in controlling pests.
Regular monitoring of the plant for signs of pest infestation is crucial to detect any problem early and prevent it from spreading.
