Origin
Arctotis glutinosa Sims, commonly known as sticky arctotis, is native to South Africa. It thrives in regions with winter rainfall, including the Cape Provinces and Namaqualand.
Common Names
Aside from sticky arctotis, this plant goes by the following common names:
- Bontrokkie
- Geel-knop-daisy
- Klitsgousblommetjie
- Yellow button arctotis
Uses
Sticky arctotis is grown mainly for the ornamental value of its large, bright yellow flowers. As a drought-tolerant species, it is ideal for rock gardens, borders, and wildflower meadows. Its leaves and stems are covered in a sticky sap used traditionally to make a type of chewing gum.
General Appearance
Sticky arctotis is an evergreen perennial plant that grows to about 25 cm in height. It has a basal rosette of hairy, green leaves, while the stem leaves are shorter, lobed, and less hairy. The flower heads are about 7-8 cm across and sit atop long, slender stalks. Each head bears a central disc of small, tubular florets surrounded by bright yellow, papery ray florets. The whole plant is coated with a sticky exudate that helps it retain moisture in arid conditions.
Light Requirements
Arctotis glutinosa prefers full to partial sunlight exposure for healthy growth. These plants can tolerate some shading but they tend to grow more vigorously under direct light. Thus, it is recommended to grow these plants in a location with plenty of bright sun.
Temperature Requirements
Arctotis glutinosa grows well in warm temperatures with mild climates. These plants are known to thrive in temperatures ranging from 20°C to 35°C. They are highly adaptable to various temperature conditions, which make them well-suited to different regions. However, it is essential to protect them from extreme cold conditions.
Soil Requirements
Arctotis glutinosa requires well-draining soil with good texture, structure, and fertility for optimal growth. These plants can tolerate a broad range of soil types, including loamy, sandy, and rocky soils. It is recommended to add organic matter and fertilizers to the soil to enhance its fertility and improve plant growth. It is essential to ensure that the soil is not waterlogged, as this can lead to root rot.
Cultivation Methods
Arctotis glutinosa Sims is a sun-loving plant, requiring full sunlight to grow appropriately. It can develop in a wide range of soils, including well-draining, sandy, or loamy soils. However, to ensure optimal growth, the soil should be pH-neutral and rich in nutrients.
The plant grows well in temperatures ranging from 50°F to 80°F and requires adequate spacing between them to develop to their full potential. Propagation is achieved through cutting or the division of mature plants.
Watering Needs
Arctotis glutinosa Sims requires moderate watering, especially during the dry season. Overwatering can lead to root rot, which hinders the plant's growth and development. It is advisable to water the plant early in the morning or late in the evening to reduce water loss through evaporation.
It would help if you also watered the plant at the base to avoid fungal growth on the leaves.
Fertilization
Arctotis glutinosa Sims requires fertilization with a balanced fertilizer with adequate nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Fertilization should be done once a month during the growing season to ensure optimal growth and development.
The plant is sensitive to excess fertilizer, and thus it is advisable to follow the manufacturer's instructions when fertilizing the plant.
Pruning
Arctotis glutinosa Sims requires regular pruning to keep the plant healthy and promote new growth. The plant's dead flowers should be removed to avoid diverting nutrients from the development of new buds.
Pruning should be done during the plant's dormant season, usually in late fall or early winter, and before the start of new growth in the spring.
Propagation of Arctotis glutinosa Sims
Arctotis glutinosa Sims, also known as the sticky arctotis, is a species of flowering plant that belongs to the family Asteraceae.
Propagation of Arctotis glutinosa Sims can be done through different methods, including:
Seed Propagation
Propagation through seeds is the easiest and most common method. Seeds of the sticky arctotis can be sown in trays or pots filled with moist, well-draining soil during late winter or early spring. The ideal temperature for germination is between 18-20°C. The seedlings should be transplanted to larger containers once they have two to three true leaves, then hardened off before planting in the garden.
Cuttings Propagation
Propagation through cuttings is possible but may prove difficult since the plant is known for its sticky, tough, and fibrous stems that are hard to propagate. The cuttings should be taken during late summer, when the plant is actively growing. Use a rooting hormone to enhance rooting success. The cuttings can be placed in a well-draining potting mix that has been pre-moistened. Cover the pot or container containing the cuttings with a clear plastic bag or a plastic wrap to retain moisture. Place the pot or container in a warm, bright area, avoiding direct sunlight. Check the cuttings regularly to ensure the mix stays moist and watch out for the growth of mold or fungus.
Division Propagation
Division propagation is also possible but risky as the sticky arctotis dislikes root disturbance. It is advisable to divide only when a clump is too large to be managed. The best time to divide is during the late winter or early spring when the plant is still dormant. Carefully dig up the clump using a garden spade, then separate it into smaller clumps. Make sure to keep the roots as undisturbed as possible by using a sharp knife to slice through the clumps rather than pulling them apart with bare hands. Replant the divided clumps immediately in well-drained soil, water thoroughly, and allow the plants to grow.
Disease and Pest Management for Arctotis glutinosa Sims
Arctotis glutinosa Sims is a hardy plant that can thrive in a variety of growing conditions and climates. However, like all plants, it is susceptible to disease and pest infestations. Here are some common diseases and pests that might affect the plant and suggestions for managing them.
Common Diseases
One of the most common diseases affecting Arctotis glutinosa Sims is fungal leaf spot. The disease causes brown or black spots on the leaves, which can eventually cause them to fall off. To prevent the disease, it is important to keep the foliage dry and avoid overcrowding by providing adequate spacing between plants. Fungicides can also be used to control the disease.
Another disease that can affect Arctotis glutinosa Sims is powdery mildew. The disease is characterized by a white, powdery coating on the leaves, stems, and flowers of the plant. To prevent powdery mildew, it is important to provide good air circulation and avoid watering the foliage. Fungicides can also be used to control the disease.
Common Pests
Arctotis glutinosa Sims can be affected by a variety of pests, including aphids, spider mites, and thrips. Aphids can be controlled by spraying the foliage with a strong stream of water or using insecticidal soap. Spider mites can be controlled by increasing the humidity around the plant and spraying with insecticidal soap. Thrips can be controlled with insecticidal sprays or by releasing beneficial insects, such as predatory mites.
Another common pest that attacks Arctotis glutinosa Sims is the cutworm. Cutworms are caterpillars that feed on the foliage and can cut the stem of the plant at ground level. To prevent cutworms, it is important to keep the area around the plant free of debris and weeds. Insecticides can also be used to control the pest.
By being diligent about disease and pest management, you can help ensure the health and beauty of your Arctotis glutinosa Sims plant.
