Origin and Common Names
Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae Eastw. (pro sp.) is a hybrid plant originating from the cross of two manzanita species, Arctostaphylos pajaroensis and Arctostaphylos stanfordiana. This evergreen shrub is native to California, USA, and is commonly known as Campbell's manzanita, Pajaro manzanita, or Stanford manzanita. The hybrid was first observed in the wild by Arthur Campbell in Santa Cruz County in the 1970s.
Appearance
Campbell's manzanita typically grows between 5 and 10 feet in height and width. The plant has a rounded, spreading form with attractive, glossy, leathery leaves that are a deep green color. The leaves are alternate, oblong-elliptic, and up to 2 inches long. The plant's bark is smooth and reddish-brown, and the branches are reddish-brown and covered in fine hairs. In the winter and spring, the shrub produces clusters of small, urn-shaped, pink to white flowers that are a beautiful contrast against the green foliage.
Uses
Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae Eastw. (pro sp.) is often used for landscaping and ornamental purposes due to its attractive appearance. The shrub is drought-tolerant and can handle a variety of soil types, making it a popular choice for xeriscaping. Its berries are consumed by wildlife, including birds and small mammals. Additionally, Campbell's manzanita has been used by Native American tribes for medicinal purposes, including as a treatment for colds, sore throats, and stomach ailments.
Light Requirements
Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae Eastw. (pro sp.) typically grows best under full sunlight. In colder regions, it tolerates partial shading but still performs optimally under full sunshine. This plant's growth rate depends significantly on light conditions, with reduced light intensity leading to slower growth rates.
Temperature Requirements
This plant requires a temperature range of 10°C to 25°C (50°F to 77°F), with an optimum temperature range of 15°C to 20°C (59°F to 68°F). The temperature requirement for this plant during the winter should not fall below 5°C (41°F) to prevent damaging the plant's growth.
Soil Requirements
Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae Eastw. (pro sp.) prefers well-drained soil with good water-holding capacity. It cannot tolerate waterlogged conditions. The soil pH should range between 5.5 to 7.0, and the soil type should be sandy loam, loam, or clay loam. In nutrient-deficient soils, the plant may suffer stunted growth or slow growth rates.
Cultivation methods for Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae Eastw. (pro sp.)
Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae Eastw. (pro sp.) is a shrub that is native to California. It is tolerant of various soil types, but it thrives in well-draining and acidic soils. The plant grows best in full sun and is an excellent addition to a rock garden or Mediterranean-style landscape.
Watering needs of Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae Eastw. (pro sp.)
Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae Eastw. (pro sp.) prefers moderate watering during the growing season. Its water needs depend on the weather and the type of soil it is planted in. The plant does not tolerate standing water and prefers well-draining soils. It is crucial to let the soil dry out between watering to prevent root rot.
Fertilization for Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae Eastw. (pro sp.)
Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae Eastw. (pro sp.) does not require heavy fertilization. An annual application of a balanced fertilizer in the spring can help promote growth. The fertilizer should be applied once the soil has thawed and the plant has started to produce new growth. Avoid overfertilizing, as this can cause damage to the plant.
Pruning Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae Eastw. (pro sp.)
Pruning is not required for Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae Eastw. (pro sp.). However, dead or damaged limbs can be removed at any time of the year. If pruning is required, it is best done immediately after flowering. This is because the plant blooms on the previous year's growth, and pruning after flowering will allow the plant to produce new growth and set buds for the next year's flowers.
Propagation of Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae Eastw.
Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae is a hybrid plant that results from a cross between Arctostaphylos densiflora and Arctostaphylos manzanita. Propagation of Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae can be achieved through several methods that include:
Sowing Seeds
The seeds of Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae can be sown during the fall in well-draining soil mixed with sand. The seed should be lightly covered with the soil and kept moist but not waterlogged. The pot should then be placed in a cool but bright location and checked frequently to ensure it does not dry out. Germination can take up to two years.
Cuttings
Stem cuttings can be taken from softwood growth during the spring or summer. The cuttings should be taken from healthy disease-free branches, preferably the current year's growth. The cuttings should have at least one set of leaves and be 4-6 inches in length. The lower leaves should be removed, and the stem should be dipped in rooting hormone before being planted in well-draining soil. The cutting should be kept moist and be provided some shade until new growth appears.
Division
Division of Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae can be done in the spring or fall when the plant is dormant. Carefully dig up the plant and divide it into several sections, ensuring each section has some roots and shoots. Replant the sections in well-draining soil mixed with compost and water thoroughly. The plant should be kept in a lightly shaded location until new growth appears.
Air Layering
Air layering is a propagation method that can be used on mature Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae plants. The stem's bark is removed from a section that you want to propagate, and rooting hormone is applied to the wound. Then, wrap the wound with moist sphagnum moss and cover it with plastic wrap. Once roots have developed, the section can be severed from the parent plant and planted in well-draining soil.
Disease and Pest Management for Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae Eastw. (pro sp.)
Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae Eastw. (pro sp.) is a beautiful evergreen shrub native to California. Despite being resistant to most pests and diseases, it can still fall victim to a few common issues:
Diseases
One of the most common diseases affecting Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae is leaf spot. It can be identified by small, circular or angular grayish spots that appear on the leaves, which eventually turn black and fall off. Leaf spot can be prevented by planting the shrub in a sunny location and avoiding overhead watering. To manage it, remove the affected leaves and fallen debris from the ground.
Phytophthora root rot is another common disease in Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae. This fungal disease causes yellowing and wilting of the foliage, leading to death of the plant. To prevent it, make sure the shrub is planted in well-drained soil and avoid overwatering it. If the plant is already infected, apply fungicides according to the instructions on the label.
Pests
The most common pest affecting Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae is the spider mite. These tiny pests suck the sap from the leaves, causing yellowing and bronzing. To manage it, wash the leaves with a strong stream of water or apply insecticidal soaps and oils. Another common pest is the scale insect, which feeds on the sap of the shrub, causing yellowing, wilting, and stunted growth. To manage it, prune the affected branches and apply horticultural oils.
Overall, Arctostaphylos ×campbelliae is a relatively easy-to-grow shrub with few disease and pest problems. With proper care and management, it can thrive in gardens and landscapes for many years.
