Description of Anisantha rigida (Roth) Hyl.
Anisantha rigida (Roth) Hyl. is a widespread plant species, commonly known as rigid brome, drummond brome, or false brome. Its scientific name was previously known as Bromus rigida Roth.
Origin
The plant originated in Europe and parts of western Asia but has since been introduced to other parts of the world such as North America, Australia, New Zealand, and South America. In North America, rigid brome is considered an invasive species in several states such as Oregon, Utah, and California.
Common Names
Anisantha rigida (Roth) Hyl. has several common names depending on the region. In addition to rigid brome, it is sometimes referred to as Drummond’s brome or false brome. The plant’s common names give little indication of its unique features, as rigid brome isn’t actually a brome at all, but instead belongs to the grass family Poaceae.
Appearance and Uses
The plant grows in clumps or tussocks, with stems that can reach up to 100cm tall and leaves that can grow up to 1cm wide. Its seeds are small and borne on drooping seed heads that can be up to 18cm long. Rigid brome is a hardy plant that can grow in a variety of soils and conditions, including saline soils and areas with low rainfall.
Additionally, rigid brome is known to have several uses for livestock farmers. It is a common feed crop in some regions, with nutritional value similar to that of cereal grains. The plant’s tussocky growth provides cover and habitat for many small animals, providing ecological benefits as well.
However, rigid brome is considered an invasive species in many regions and can outcompete native plant species, reducing habitat and food sources for wildlife.
Light Requirements
Anisantha rigida prefers full sunlight exposure and requires a minimum of six hours of direct sunlight per day for optimal growth and development.
Temperature Requirements
This plant species grows best in a temperate climate with an average temperature range of 15-22°C (59-72°F). It is typically hardy in USDA hardiness zones 4-8.
Soil Requirements
Well-drained soils with a slightly alkaline pH of 7.0-8.0 are preferred for the growth of Anisantha rigida. This plant species is tolerant of a wide range of soil types, including loamy, sandy, and clay soil, but prefers soils that are fertile and nutrient-rich.
Cultivation Methods for Anisantha rigida (Roth) Hyl.
Anisantha rigida (Roth) Hyl. is a robust plant that thrives in most soil types. However, it prefers well-draining soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.5. The plant grows well in full sun and needs six to eight hours of direct sunlight every day. To propagate the plant, you can plant seeds in the soil, preferably in late spring when the frost has passed. Alternatively, you can plant them in pots and transplant the seedlings to the ground later.
Watering Needs for Anisantha rigida (Roth) Hyl.
The plant can tolerate drought once established, but it needs regular watering for the first couple of months after planting. Water the plant once a week until it is established in the soil. Once the plant is mature, you can reduce the frequency of watering. Water the plant when the soil is dry, about every week or two over the growing season. During prolonged dry spells, consider watering the plant deeply about once a week to help it survive until rain comes.
Fertilization for Anisantha rigida (Roth) Hyl.
To ensure that the plant is healthy and blossoms correctly, you must feed it regularly. Add a balanced fertilizer to the soil in the spring when the plant is starting to grow. You can add additional fertilizer once or twice more during the growing season. Make sure that you follow the manufacturer's instructions on the fertilizer package and do not add too much fertilizer or fertilize too often; otherwise, you risk burning the plant.
Pruning Anisantha rigida (Roth) Hyl.
Pruning is essential for encouraging new growth and tidying up the plant. Cut off any dead or yellowing leaves and stems using a clean, sharp pair of scissors. Prune in the early spring before the plant starts growing vigorously. This helps the plant grow new and healthy shoots. Pinch off any spent blooms from the previous season as they appear to encourage the plant to bloom again. Do not remove too much foliage, or you may hinder the plant's growth and blossoming potential.
Propagation of Anisantha rigida (Roth) Hyl.
There are several ways to propagate Anisantha rigida (Roth) Hyl., including:
Seed Propagation
One of the simplest ways to propagate Anisantha rigida is through seeds. The seeds can be collected from mature plants and sown in a well-draining soil mix. Before planting, the seeds should be moistened and stratified in the refrigerator for several weeks to break their dormancy. Once planted, the soil should be kept moist, and the seeds should germinate within a few weeks.
Division
Another way to propagate Anisantha rigida is through division. This method is best undertaken in the spring when the plant is beginning to grow. The clump can be lifted out of the ground, and the root system can be divided using a sharp knife or spade. Each division should have a healthy root system and at least one or two growth points. The divisions can be planted at the same depth as the parent plant and should be watered well.
Cuttings
Cuttings can also be used to propagate Anisantha rigida. The best time to take cuttings is in the late spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing. Select healthy stems that are at least six inches long and remove the lower leaves. Dip the cuttings in rooting hormone and plant them in well-draining soil. Keep the soil moist and the cuttings should root within a few weeks.
Disease Management
Anisantha rigida (Roth) Hyl. is susceptible to a few common diseases including rust, fungal leaf spots, and powdery mildew. To prevent these diseases, it is important to ensure good plant hygiene and avoid overhead watering.
Fungal leaf spot and powdery mildew can be managed by pruning affected leaves and increasing air circulation around the plant. If the infestation is severe, fungicides can be used to control the disease. Rust can be managed by removing affected leaves and using fungicides such as copper-based sprays.
Pest Management
Anisantha rigida (Roth) Hyl. can be affected by a few common pests such as aphids, grasshoppers, and snails/slugs. To prevent these pests, it is important to ensure good plant hygiene, remove any plant debris or weeds around the plant, and avoid overcrowding.
Aphids can be managed by spraying the plant with neem oil or insecticidal soap. Grasshoppers can be prevented by covering the plants with mesh netting. Snails and slugs can be managed by applying diatomaceous earth or copper tape around the base of the plant.
