Origin
Androsace occidentalis var. arizonica (Gray) St. John, commonly known as Arizona rockjasmine, is a small perennial herb that belongs to the Primulaceae family. The plant is native to North America, specifically found in the southwestern United States, including Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah. It is also found in parts of Mexico.
Common Names
Androsace occidentalis var. arizonica is commonly known as Arizona rockjasmine, Arizona rock-jasmine, and Arizona androsace.
Uses
Androsace occidentalis var. arizonica is widely popular for ornamental purposes, with its rosette of silver-green, hairy leaves and delicate white, pink, or purple flowers. The plant is commonly used to adorn rock gardens, borders, and other similar landscapes. Apart from its ornamental uses, the plant is also known for its medicinal properties, particularly in Native American traditional medicine. The plant is believed to possess anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and astringent qualities, and has been used to treat various ailments.
General Appearance
Androsace occidentalis var. arizonica is a low-growing, compact perennial herb that typically grows to a height of 2-6 inches and forms a compact rosette of silver-green, hairy leaves that are obovate to spoon-shaped. The leaves are arranged in a basal rosette and are up to an inch long. The plant produces delicate white, pink, or purple flowers that grow on short stems up to 4 inches long, rising above the leaves from late spring to early summer. The flowers are ¼ inch wide, with five petals, and grow in clusters. The plant is tolerant of heat and drought and prefers well-drained soils with full sun to partial shade.
Growth Conditions of Androsace occidentalis Pursh var. arizonica (Gray) St. John
Light: Androsace occidentalis Pursh var. arizonica (Gray) St. John prefers growing in a well-lit environment. It thrives well in an area that receives partial to full sunlight. Therefore, it is recommended to grow the plant outdoors or in brightly lit indoor spaces.
Temperature: The plant can grow in a wide range of temperatures. However, for optimal growth, it is recommended that it is grown in a temperature range between 10°C to 24°C (50°F to 75°F) during the day. At night, the temperature should not fall significantly below 4°C (40°F).
Soil: The plant prefers well-drained, slightly acidic soils with a pH range between 5.5 to 6.5. A sandy loam soil mixed with decomposed organic matter would provide the perfect balance of moisture retention and nutrients essential for the plant’s growth. It requires a lot of water, but the soil must not be waterlogged, as this could lead to root rot and damage to the plant.
Cultivation Methods
Androsace Occidentalis Pursh var. arizonica (Gray) St. John is a small alpine perennial plant that thrives in well-draining soils. It prefers full sun but can tolerate some shade. The plant is not very frost tolerant and needs a sheltered spot, especially during winter. The best time to plant this variety is in spring when the soil is warm.
The plant can be grown in containers or rock gardens. In containers, a well-draining potting mix, such as cactus mix or a mixture of sand, perlite, and peat moss, can be used. The soil should be moist but never waterlogged. In rock gardens, the plant can be grown among rocks and boulders to mimic its natural habitat.
Watering Needs
Androsace Occidentalis Pursh var. arizonica (Gray) St. John requires moderate watering. The soil should be moist but not waterlogged. In containers, the soil should be allowed to dry between watering. Watering should be done at the base of the plant to avoid wetting the foliage, which can lead to disease problems.
In hot and dry weather, it is essential to keep the soil moist. Mulching around the plant can also help retain moisture in the soil and prevent weeds.
Fertilization
The plant does not require much fertilization. A slow-release fertilizer can be applied in the spring to promote growth and flowering. However, over-fertilization can lead to excessive foliage growth and fewer flowers.
Organic fertilizers such as compost or manure can also be applied in the fall to improve soil quality.
Pruning
Androsace Occidentalis Pursh var. arizonica (Gray) St. John does not require much pruning. Deadheading the flowers can promote more blooms. However, excessive pruning can damage the plant.
The plant can be divided every two to three years to prevent overcrowding and promote healthy growth. The best time to do this is in the spring when the plant is actively growing.
Propagation of Androsace occidentalis Pursh var. arizonica (Gray) St. John
Androsace occidentalis Pursh var. arizonica (Gray) St. John, commonly known as Arizona rock jasmine, is a small, herbaceous perennial native to Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. Propagation of this plant can be achieved in several ways.
1. Seeds
Seeds of Androsace occidentalis Pursh var. arizonica (Gray) St. John can be germinated indoors in late winter or early spring. The seeds require cold stratification, which can be achieved by storing them in a moist medium at temperatures around 40°F for 2-4 weeks. After stratification, the seeds can be sown in trays filled with a well-draining growing medium and covered with a thin layer of vermiculite. Keep the trays moist and place them under grow lights or in a sunny location. The seedlings can be transplanted into individual pots once they have developed a few true leaves.
2. Division
Propagation of Androsace occidentalis Pursh var. arizonica (Gray) St. John can also be achieved through division. This method is most successful in spring or fall when the plant is actively growing. Gently dig up the plant and separate the roots into smaller sections. Each section should have several stems and a good portion of healthy roots. Replant the divisions in well-draining soil and water thoroughly.
3. Cuttings
Softwood cuttings can also be taken from Androsace occidentalis Pursh var. arizonica (Gray) St. John in late spring or early summer. Using a clean, sharp knife, take a cutting that is 2-3 inches long and remove the leaves from the bottom half. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone and plant it in a well-draining growing medium. Keep the cuttings in a warm, humid location and mist them regularly. Once the cuttings have rooted, they can be transplanted into individual pots.
Propagation of Androsace occidentalis Pursh var. arizonica (Gray) St. John can be a rewarding experience for gardeners and plant enthusiasts. By following these methods, one can create new plants and expand their collection.
Disease Management
Androsace occidentalis Pursh var. arizonica is generally resistant to common plant diseases. However, there are a few diseases that might affect the plant, including:
- Pythium root rot: This disease is caused by a soil-borne pathogen, which causes the roots to rot and eventually kill the plant. To prevent this disease, avoid overwatering and improve soil drainage. Fungicides can also be applied.
- Rust: This fungal disease causes orange or brown spots on the leaves, and can cause the plant to defoliate. Pruning infected leaves and applying fungicides can help manage this disease.
- Leaf spot: This disease causes circular spots on the leaves that gradually turn yellow and then brown. To manage this disease, remove and destroy infected leaves and apply fungicides.
Pest Management
Androsace occidentalis Pursh var. arizonica is also relatively pest-resistant. However, there are a few insects and pests that might affect the plant, including:
- Aphids: These small insects suck sap from the plant, causing the leaves to curl and distort. Applying insecticidal soaps or oils can help manage aphids.
- Thrips: These tiny insects also suck sap from the plant and cause the leaves to become discolored and distorted. Applying insecticidal soaps or oils can help manage thrips.
- Spider mites: These pests can cause the foliage to become stippled and eventually fall off. Spraying the plant with water, or applying insecticidal soaps or oils can help manage spider mites.
Regularly inspecting Androsace occidentalis Pursh var. arizonica for signs of disease or pest infestation, and promptly addressing any issues that arise, can help to ensure the health and vitality of the plant.
