Introduction
The Ampelocissus angolensis (Baker) Planch. is a plant belonging to the Vitaceae family. This plant has several common names including Angola Creeper, Rhino’s horn, and Butterfly vine.Origin
The Angola Creeper is native to several countries in Africa including Angola, Cameroon, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and Tanzania. This plant is a twining vine known for its ability to climb and cling to its support.General Appearance
The Angola Creeper has a unique appearance with large, green, and glossy leaves that are palmately compound with 5-7 leaflets. The leaves are arranged in a spiral pattern, and the tendrils are found opposite the leaves. The plant has small green flowers, which turn into a small fruit that is edible but not commonly used.Uses
The Angola Creeper is widely used in traditional African medicine as an herbal remedy for several ailments, including treating burns, coughs, fever, and abdominal pain. The bark and roots of the plant have also been used as a substitute for quinine in treating malaria. The leaves are used for their astringent properties and as a poultice to treat wounds and reduce inflammation. In addition to its medicinal uses, Angola Creeper is also used as an ornamental plant due to its unique appearance and climbing ability. This plant can be trained to grow over walls, trellises, and other structures, making it a beautiful addition to any garden or landscape.Conclusion
In summary, the Ampelocissus angolensis (Baker) Planch. is an African native plant, commonly known as Angola Creeper, with several medicinal and ornamental uses. Its unique appearance and climbing ability make it a sought-after plant for many homeowners and gardeners alike.Light Requirements
Ampelocissus angolensis requires bright, indirect light for optimal growth. It can tolerate some direct sunlight, but too much can cause leaf burn. It is best to place the plant near a window that receives filtered sunlight or in a partially shaded area outdoors.
Temperature Requirements
Ampelocissus angolensis prefers moderate temperatures between 60-75°F (15-24°C). It can tolerate temperatures as low as 50°F (10°C) but may begin to suffer if temperatures exceed 80°F (27°C). It is important to keep the plant away from drafts or extreme temperature changes.
Soil Requirements
Ampelocissus angolensis requires well-draining, slightly acidic soil with a pH between 6.0-6.5. A mixture of peat moss, perlite, and sand is a good option for potting. It is important to ensure the soil does not become waterlogged as this can cause root rot. Adding compost or other organic matter to the soil can help improve fertility.
Cultivation
Ampelocissus angolensis (Baker) Planch., commonly known as Angola Creeper, is a fast-growing and climbing perennial plant that is easy to cultivate. It does well in warm and humid conditions and prefers partial shade to full sun. The plant can grow up to 15 meters long, making it suitable for trellises, fences, and walls.
The plant is also tolerant of adverse growing conditions and can thrive in various soil types, including sandy, loam, and clay soils. It is essential to ensure that the soil has good drainage to avoid waterlogging, which can cause root rot.
Watering
Ampelocissus angolensis has moderate water requirements and prefers consistently moist soil. However, do not overwater the plant, as it can cause root rot and stunt growth. Always check for moisture levels in the soil before watering the plant. The soil surface should feel dry to the touch before you water.
During the hot and dry season, you may need to water the plant more often to keep the soil sufficiently moist. However, be cautious of overwatering, as it can lead to the development of fungal diseases.
Fertilization
The Angola Creeper is a light feeder and does not require frequent fertilization. However, it would help to boost plant growth by applying a balanced fertilizer every three to four months. Use a fertilizer with equal portions of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
Apply the fertilizer at the plant's base and water thoroughly to ensure the nutrients seep into the soil. Additional feeding may be necessary during the growing season when the plant is actively producing new growth.
Pruning
Ampelocissus angolensis is a climbing plant that can become invasive if left unchecked. To control their growth and maintain their shape, occasional pruning is necessary. Pruning is best done at the end of the growing season when the plant is entering dormancy.
Remove all dead, diseased, or damaged stems and leaves to promote healthy growth. Cut back any overgrown or wayward stems to keep the plant within its designated area. Additionally, remove any tangled or overlapping stems to improve airflow and reduce the risk of fungal diseases.
Propagation Methods
Ampelocissus angolensis can be propagated through seeds, stem cuttings, and layering.
Seed Propagation
Seeds of Ampelocissus angolensis can be sown in well-drained soil at a depth of 2-3 cm. The soil should be kept moist, and the seeds should be kept in a warm and humid place. Germination usually takes 2-6 weeks, with a success rate of about 50-60%. Seedlings can be transplanted to individual pots when they develop their first pair of true leaves.
Stem Cutting Propagation
Stem cuttings of Ampelocissus angolensis can be taken in spring or summer. Cuttings should be about 10-15 cm long, and they should have at least one node. Remove the lower leaves, and dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Plant the cutting in a well-draining soil mixture, and keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. The cuttings should root in 4-6 weeks, and they can be transplanted to individual pots.
Layering Propagation
Ampelocissus angolensis can also be propagated through layering. Choose a healthy, flexible stem, and make a slanting cut on the underside of the stem. Apply rooting hormone to the cut, and then pin the cut portion down to the soil using a U-shaped wire. Cover the cut portion and wire with soil, and keep the soil moist. Roots should develop in the buried portion of the stem in 4-8 weeks. Once rooted, the new plant can be separated from the parent plant and transplanted to an individual pot.
Disease and Pest Management for Ampelocissus angolensis (Baker) Planch.
Ampelocissus angolensis (Baker) Planch. is a plant that belongs to the Vitaceae family. Like many other plants, this species is susceptible to various diseases and pests.
Common Diseases
Powdery Mildew: Powdery mildew is a common fungal disease that affects many plant species, including Ampelocissus angolensis (Baker) Planch. The disease is caused by different types of fungi that form a white powdery coating on the leaves and stems of the plant. To manage powdery mildew in this species, ensure adequate air circulation and avoid overhead watering. Remove any affected leaves and apply a fungicide according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Anthracnose: Anthracnose is another fungal disease that affects the leaves, fruits, and stems of this plant. The disease causes irregular-shaped brown or black spots on the leaves and stems. Anthracnose can also cause leaf drop and reduced plant growth. To manage this disease, ensure proper drainage, avoid overcrowding, and prune affected portions of the plant. Copper-based fungicides can also help control anthracnose.
Common Pests
Spider Mites: Spider mites are tiny pests that can infest the leaves and stems of Ampelocissus angolensis (Baker) Planch. These pests cause leaf yellowing, webbing on leaves, and stunted plant growth. To control spider mites, maintain a humid environment and spray the plant with a jet of water to remove the pests. Use insecticidal soap or neem oil spray to control severe infestations.
Scale Insects: Scale insects are common pests that can infest the stems and leaves of the plant. These pests look like small bumps on the plant's leaves and stems and can be difficult to manage. Use neem oil or insecticidal soap to control the scale insects. If the infestation is severe, prune the affected portions of the plant.
Regularly monitoring Ampelocissus angolensis (Baker) Planch. for diseases and pests is essential to maintaining healthy and vibrant growth. Proper cultural practices, such as maintaining good sanitation and watering practices, can also reduce the occurrence of pest and disease problems.
