Overview
Ammannia evansiana A.Fern. & Diniz, also known as Scarlet Toothcup, is a submersed aquatic plant that belongs to the Lythraceae family. Originating from South America, the plant can be found in various regions worldwide where it is grown as an ornamental species in aquariums and aquatic gardens.
Common Names
The plant is commonly known as Scarlet Toothcup due to its bright red and tooth-like flowers.
Appearance
Scarlet Toothcup has a distinctive appearance with its thin, wiry stems that grow upright and can reach up to 30 inches in height. The leaves are arranged in pairs along the stem and have a lance-shaped structure with pointed tips. The plant produces small scarlet-colored flowers that bloom in clusters at the ends of its stems.
Uses
The plant is popularly used in aquatic gardens and aquariums as it adds a vibrant pop of color and texture to the water. Its unique appearance also makes it a favorite as a foreground or midground plant. Scarlet Toothcup is not only beautiful but also provides shelter and a food source for aquatic animals like fish and invertebrates.
Scarlet Toothcup is also known to have medicinal properties and is used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments like stomach aches, diarrhea, and fever. The plant contains flavonoids, which have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Light Requirements
Ammannia evansiana A.Fern. & Diniz grows best in moderate to high levels of light. In the wild, it is often found growing along the margins of streams, ponds, and other bodies of water where it can receive direct sunlight for several hours a day. In aquariums or terrariums, the plant should be placed near a source of bright, indirect light, such as a south-facing window or under a full-spectrum grow light.
Temperature Requirements
Ammannia evansiana A.Fern. & Diniz prefers warm temperatures to thrive. The plant typically grows well in water temperatures ranging from 72-82°F (22-28°C). At temperatures below 68°F (20°C), growth may slow down or halt altogether. If the water temperature falls below this range, a heater can be used to maintain the optimal temperature for the plant's growth.
Soil Requirements
Ammannia evansiana A.Fern. & Diniz can grow in a variety of aquatic substrates, but it prefers a nutrient-rich substrate that is high in organic matter. The substrate should also be well-aerated to allow for good water flow and nutrient uptake. In aquaria, a substrate made of a mix of sand and gravel works best for the plant since it allows for proper drainage. The plant may benefit from occasional fertilization with slow-release aquatic plant fertilizers.
Cultivation Methods
Ammannia evansiana is a semi-aquatic plant that requires a moderate level of attention and care. Therefore, it's essential to provide an appropriate growing environment for the plant to thrive. Firstly, the plant should be planted in well-drained soil that's constantly moist but should not be waterlogged. Additionally, Ammannia evansiana requires moderate sunlight exposure, but care should be taken as excess sunlight may harm the plant. The ideal temperature range for growth of the plant is between 68-86°F (20-30°C).
Watering Needs
Ammannia evansiana requires adequate watering to grow correctly. As previously noted, the soil should remain moist, but the plant's roots should never sit in standing water. During the growing season, watering two to three times a week should be sufficient. However, during winter, the plant's watering should be significantly reduced.
Fertilization
Fertilization is crucial in promoting healthy growth and nourishing the plant. Ammannia evansiana requires regular fertilization to achieve maximum growth and vibrant colors. The plant requires a balanced, complete fertilizer rich in iron, potassium, and nitrogen. Fertilizers should be applied once a month during the growing season, following the instructions on the package. Care should be taken not to over-fertilize, as this may damage the plant.
Pruning
Pruning is essential in controlling and promoting a healthy plant. Ammannia evansiana requires only minimal pruning to maintain its shape and prevent the plant from becoming too dense. Pruning can be done once every six months by cutting the outermost growth on the stem. Scissors or pruning shears should be used to remove dead or damaged parts of the plant. Additionally, the pruning time should coincide with the growing season to promote new growth.
Propagation of Ammannia evansiana A.Fern. & Diniz
Ammannia evansiana A.Fern. & Diniz, commonly called Delicate pink, is a small aquatic plant found in wetlands and shallow water bodies. This plant can be propagated by following methods:
Seeds
One of the easiest ways to propagate Ammannia evansiana is through seeds. The plant produces multiple seeds during its growing period. Collecting the seeds requires waiting until the flower heads mature and the seed pods turn light brown. Gently rub the seeds out of the dry pods, and sow them onto the wet soil. Cover the seeds lightly with soil and keep them in a warm and moist environment. After germination, transplant the seedlings into larger containers or suitable water bodies.
Cuttings
Ammannia evansiana can be propagated using stem tip cuttings. To do this, snip off the soft, bushy stems of the plant, about 4-5 inches long, and place them in a container filled with water. Place the container in a bright, warm spot, and wait for a few days. New roots should start growing at the base of the stem. After the roots have grown to an inch or two, transplant them into the soil. A heat mat placed under the container can help with rooting.
Division
Division is an effective way to propagate mature Ammannia evansiana plants. You can cut the clumps of plants into smaller portions using scissors or a knife. Make sure each portion has a viable root system and a few stems. Plant the separated portions into suitable containers or aquatic bodies.
By using any of the above methods, you can propagate the delicate pink, Ammannia evansiana, and enjoy its beautiful pink flowers and lush foliage.
Disease and Pest Management for Ammannia evansiana A.Fern. & Diniz
Ammannia evansiana A.Fern. & Diniz, commonly known as Delicate ammannia, is a herbaceous plant species native to Brazil. Like any other plant species, it is susceptible to certain diseases and pests that can affect its growth and yield. Here are some of the common diseases and pests that affect Ammannia evansiana and ways to manage them.
Diseases
Root Rot: This is a common disease that affects many plant species, including Ammannia evansiana. The disease is caused by a fungus that attacks the roots, making them rot. This can cause stunted growth and even death of the plant. To manage root rot, it is important to keep the soil well-drained and avoid overwatering the plant. Fungal pesticides can also be used to control the disease.
Bacterial Leaf Spot: This disease is caused by bacteria that infect the leaves of the plant, causing them to develop spots that eventually turn brown and fall off. The disease can spread quickly and cause defoliation. Avoid overhead watering, as this can spread the bacteria. Remove infected leaves and destroy them to prevent the spread of the disease. Copper-based fungicides can also be used to control bacterial leaf spot.
Pests
Aphids: Aphids are small sap-sucking insects that can cause stunted growth and curling of leaves. They also excrete honeydew, which can attract other pests and promote fungal growth. To manage aphids, it is important to keep the plants well-watered and use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control the pests.
Spider Mites: These are tiny arachnids that feed on the undersides of leaves, causing them to turn yellow and dry up. Heavy infestations can cause defoliation and even death of the plant. To control spider mites, increase humidity levels by misting the plant or placing a tray of water nearby. Use insecticidal soap or neem oil to kill the mites.
By practicing good cultural practices, such as providing adequate drainage and maintaining proper irrigation levels, you can help prevent diseases and pests from attacking your Ammannia evansiana plant. When necessary, use the appropriate management methods to protect your plants and help them thrive.
