Overview
Alstonia macrophylla Wallich ex G. Don, also known as the Indian devil tree or broad-leaved Alstonia, is a tropical evergreen tree belonging to the Apocynaceae family. The tree is native to Southeast Asia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Nepal. It has a straight trunk with buttresses at the base, and can grow up to 50 meters in height.
Appearance
The leaves of the Alstonia macrophylla are large, glossy, and dark green, growing up to 30cm long. The tree bears small white flowers, which are highly fragrant with a sweet, slightly vanilla-like scent. The fruits are long and slender, measuring up to 40cm in length, and contain several small seeds with papery wings.
Common Names
The Alstonia macrophylla is commonly known as the Indian devil tree, broad-leaved Alstonia, milkwood pine, and White Cheesewood. It is also known by different regional names such as Chhatim in Bangladesh, Saptaparni in India, and Dita in Indonesia.
Uses
The bark and leaves of the Alstonia macrophylla are used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments such as fever, dysentery, and diarrhea. The bark contains a bitter compound called alstonine, which has been found to have anti-malarial and anti-tumor properties. The wood of the tree is used for making furniture, paper, and construction materials. The Alstonia macrophylla is also valued for its ornamental qualities, and is often planted in parks, gardens, and along roadsides as a shade tree.
Light requirements
Alstonia macrophylla thrives in bright, filtered light but can also grow well in partial shade. It should not be exposed to direct sunlight during the hottest parts of the day as this may scorch its leaves.
Temperature requirements
The plant is native to tropical regions but can tolerate a range of temperatures between 20°C to 30°C. Temperatures below 16°C can cause damage to the plant, while temperatures above 35°C can lead to wilting.
Soil requirements
Alstonia macrophylla prefers well-draining soil that is slightly acidic with a pH range of 5 to 6.5. The soil should be rich in organic matter and moisture-retentive. The plant does not tolerate waterlogging and its roots can quickly rot in excessively wet soil.
Fertilizer requirements
To ensure optimal growth, the plant needs regular feeding during the growing season, which is typically from spring to early fall. A balanced fertilizer with equal parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium can be applied every two weeks during this period. Avoid fertilizing during the winter months as the plant enters a dormant phase.
Cultivation of Alstonia macrophylla Wallich ex G. Don
Alstonia macrophylla Wallich ex G. Don, commonly known as the Indian devil tree, is a medium-sized evergreen tree that is native to South and Southeast Asia. It can be grown in a wide range of soil types and can tolerate both acidic and alkaline soil conditions. It prefers full sun but can also grow in partial shade.
Watering Needs of Alstonia macrophylla Wallich ex G. Don
Alstonia macrophylla Wallich ex G. Don has moderate water needs and requires regular watering during the growing season. The soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged. Proper drainage should be ensured, especially during the monsoon season, to avoid waterlogging, which can cause root rot.
Fertilization of Alstonia macrophylla Wallich ex G. Don
Alstonia macrophylla Wallich ex G. Don requires regular fertilization during the growing season to maintain healthy growth and development. A balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 8-8-8 or 10-10-10 should be applied every four to six weeks. Organic fertilizers like compost and manure can also be added to the soil to improve soil fertility.
Pruning of Alstonia macrophylla Wallich ex G. Don
Alstonia macrophylla Wallich ex G. Don requires minimal pruning except for the removal of dead or diseased branches. Pruning can be done during the winter months when the tree is dormant. The tree should be pruned to maintain its shape and size. Heavy pruning should be avoided as it can stimulate rapid regrowth and weaken the tree.
Propagation Methods for Alstonia macrophylla Wallich ex G. Don
Alstonia macrophylla Wallich ex G. Don, commonly known as Indian Devil Tree, is a tropical tree species that belongs to the family Apocynaceae. Interests in its cultivation have been increasing worldwide, especially in countries with warm and humid climates. This plant can be propagated through various methods, including:
1. Seed Propagation
One of the most common propagation methods for Alstonia macrophylla is through seed. Mature and healthy seeds are collected from the plant and are treated with fungicide to prevent fungal infections. The seeds can be sown directly into the soil or in seed trays. It is recommended to sow the seeds in a well-draining, rich soil mix and keep the soil moist.
2. Cutting Propagation
Alstonia macrophylla can also be propagated by stem cuttings. Cuttings of about 15 cm long are taken from the parent plant, ensuring that there are at least two nodes in the cutting. The lower leaves of the cutting are removed, and the cutting is allowed to dry for a few hours before planting. The cutting can be planted in a well-prepared potting mix and kept moist until it develops new roots.
3. Air layering
Air layering is another propagation method that can be used for Alstonia macrophylla. A healthy branch of the plant is selected, and a ring of bark is removed from the stem at the point where roots are desired. The exposed area is covered with moist sphagnum moss and wrapped with plastic to retain moisture. Once roots have formed, the rooted section of the stem is cut off and planted in the soil mix.
These are the most common propagation methods for Alstonia macrophylla. Successful propagation requires good growing conditions and appropriate care. It is essential to ensure that the plant receives adequate sunlight, water, and nutrients to promote healthy growth.
Disease and Pest Management for Alstonia macrophylla Wallich ex G. Don
Alstonia macrophylla, also known as the Indian devil tree or white cheesewood, is a tropical plant species that is used in traditional medicine and ornamental purposes. However, it is susceptible to various diseases and pests that can negatively affect its growth and health. Here are some of the common diseases and pests that can affect Alstonia macrophylla and the ways to manage them:
Diseases
Leaf spot: Leaf spot is a common disease that affects Alstonia macrophylla. It is caused by a fungal infection and can cause the leaves to develop small, dark lesions. To manage leaf spot, it is important to maintain good plant hygiene by removing any infected leaves and debris. Fungicides can also be used to prevent or treat the disease.
Root rot: Root rot is another disease that can affect Alstonia macrophylla. It is caused by a fungal infection that can lead to the decay of the roots and eventually the death of the plant. To manage root rot, it is important to ensure proper drainage and avoid overwatering the plant. Infected plants should be removed and destroyed to prevent the spread of the disease.
Pests
Scale insects: Scale insects are a common pest that can affect Alstonia macrophylla. They are small, oval-shaped insects that attach themselves to the leaves and stems of the plant and feed on its sap. To manage scale insects, it is important to remove them manually or use insecticides to control their population.
Caterpillars: Caterpillars are another pest that can affect Alstonia macrophylla. They can cause significant damage to the leaves by feeding on them. To manage caterpillars, it is important to inspect the plant regularly and remove any caterpillars manually. Insecticides can also be used to control their population.
In conclusion, disease and pest management are essential for maintaining the health and vigor of Alstonia macrophylla. By following the suggested methods for managing diseases and pests, plant enthusiasts can ensure their Alstonia macrophylla remains healthy and vibrant.
