Overview of Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh.
Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh. is a tree species that is native to Africa, particularly in Kenya and Tanzania. It is commonly known by several names such as ostrich feather acacia, bird plum, and struthiola-leaved albizia.
General Appearance
This tree species can grow up to 10-15 meters tall with a trunk diameter of 60-90 cm. Its crown is broad and irregular, conical to spherical in shape, with a flat top. Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh. leaves are compound, resembling ostrich feathers, hence its name, with approximately 25-60 pairs of leaflets. Its flowers are small, white to creamy-yellow, and mildly scented. The fruit is a flat pod covered with soft, green, and velvety hair, containing several brown seeds.
Uses
Various communities use the different parts of Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh for different reasons. The bark and root are used to make traditional medicine to relieve stomach pains, severe diarrhea, snakebites, and back pains. It is also believed to have antibacterial and antifungal properties. The pods of Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh. are a source of food for wildlife, and the flowers provide nectar for honeybees.
Moreover, the wood of Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh. is sturdy, making it suitable for making furniture, tool handles, and as firewood. Its bark and roots provide sturdy fibers that are useful in making ropes and baskets. It is also a popular ornamental tree due to its aesthetic appeal and ability to provide shade.
Light Requirements
The Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh. requires full sun exposure for optimal growth and development. It can tolerate some partial shade but will not thrive in shady areas. Therefore, it is essential to plant it in a location that receives direct sunlight for at least six hours a day.
Temperature Requirements
The plant is adapted to grow in warm and tropical regions. It requires a warm climate with temperatures ranging between 18-30°C (65-86°F) for optimal growth. Temperatures below 10°C (50°F) can damage the plant and may result in stunted growth or death. Furthermore, the plant can tolerate moderate drought conditions, but temperatures that are too hot or too cold can significantly affect its growth and survival rate.
Soil Requirements
The Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh. thrives in well-draining and fertile soils. It is adaptable to a wide range of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. However, the soil should be moist but not waterlogged. The soil pH level should range between 6.0-7.5 for optimal growth. Adding organic matter such as compost or manure will improve the soil's fertility and enhance the plant's growth rate.
Cultivation of Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh.
Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh., also known as "ostrich feather albizia," is a fast-growing perennial tree that is native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa.
In cultivation, this plant requires a warm and humid climate with moderate amounts of rainfall and well-draining soils. It can be grown in full sun or partial shade and prefers slightly acidic to neutral soils.
Watering Needs
Adequate water supply is essential for the growth of Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh. When planting the seedlings, it is recommended to water them thoroughly and keep the soil moist for the first few weeks. After that, the plant can be watered regularly but should not be overwatered, as it may cause root rot.
During the dry season, it is crucial to ensure that the plant has sufficient water supply. Inadequate watering may lead to stunted growth, poor flowering, and leaf shedding.
Fertilization
Fertilization is recommended for the healthy growth of Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh. A balanced fertilizer with equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium can be applied every 2 to 3 months during the growing season.
Organic fertilizers such as compost and manure can also be used to improve soil fertility. It is important not to over-fertilize, as it may cause excessive vegetative growth and delay flowering.
Pruning
Pruning helps maintain the attractive shape of Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh. It can be pruned to remove any dead or diseased branches, create a desired shape, or control its size.
Pruning is best done during the dormant season when the plant is not actively growing. It is recommended to use sharp and sterilized pruning tools to avoid damaging the tree.
By following these tips, you can cultivate a healthy and attractive Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh.
Propagation of Albizia Struthiophylla Milne-Redh.
Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh. can be propagated through a variety of methods, including seeds, cuttings, and air layering.
Propagation by Seeds
Seeds of Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh. can be collected when the pods have turned brown and dry. The seeds need to be scarified by nicking the seed coat or soaking in hot water before planting, as the hard seed coat can inhibit germination. The seeds can then be planted in seed trays or directly in the ground. It is important to keep the soil moist, but not waterlogged, until germination occurs.
Propagation by Cuttings
Semi-hardwood cuttings of Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh. can be taken in late summer or early autumn. The cuttings should be about 10cm long and have at least four nodes. The bottom two nodes should be stripped of their leaves, and the cutting should be dipped in rooting hormone before being planted in a well-draining rooting medium. The cuttings should be kept moist and in a warm, bright location until they have rooted.
Propagation by Air Layering
Air layering is another method of propagating Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh. It involves making a small incision in the bark of a stem, and then wrapping it with sphagnum moss and plastic to keep the moss moist. The roots will form in the moss layer, and once they have developed, the new plant can be cut away from the parent plant and potted up.
Disease Management for Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh.
Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh. is generally resistant to most diseases, but fungal infections such as root rot and collar rot can affect the plant especially in wet conditions. To prevent diseases, it is essential to follow proper cultural practices such as avoiding waterlogged soil, providing adequate drainage, and proper pruning.
In case of infection, it is crucial to identify the disease as soon as possible. Fungal infections can be treated by applying fungicides such as copper oxychloride, carbendazim, or thiophanate-methyl.
Pest Management for Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh.
Albizia struthiophylla Milne-Redh. can be vulnerable to attacks by various pests such as mealybugs, scale insects, and aphids. The pests can cause damage by sucking sap from the plant leading to stunted growth or even death.
Regular inspection and early detection of pests are key to effective pest management. Physical removal of the pests by handpicking or spraying the infested plant parts with soap and water can help control minor infestations. Chemical treatments using insecticides such as imidacloprid, bifenthrin, or chlorpyrifos can help control severe infestations.
It is crucial to follow proper cultural practices such as maintaining good plant health, avoiding over-fertilization, and proper watering to strengthen the plant and prevent pests from attacking it.
