Overview of Aerangis biloba
Aerangis biloba, also known as the Two-Lobed Aerangis, is a species of orchid that belongs to the family Orchidaceae. It is native to the forests of East Africa, including Kenya and Tanzania.
Description of Aerangis biloba
As the name suggests, Aerangis biloba has two large and prominent leaves that are lobed at the base. The plant can grow up to 12 inches tall and usually produces long, arching stems with small white flowers that have a sweet fragrance. The flowers are small, measuring only about 0.5 inches in diameter. They are star-shaped, with six petals and a prominent spur at the back of the flower.
Common Names for Aerangis biloba
Aerangis biloba is commonly referred to as the Two-Lobed Aerangis or simply the Bilobed Aerangis. In Kenya, it is known as Olgilgil.
Uses of Aerangis biloba
The Two-Lobed Aerangis is primarily used as an ornamental plant. It is a popular choice among orchid enthusiasts due to its unique lobed leaves and delicate white flowers. Aerangis biloba is also commonly grown on tree trunks and branches as an epiphyte.
Light requirements
Aerangis biloba requires bright, filtered light. Direct sunlight should be avoided as it can cause damage to the leaves. Ideal growing conditions are achieved by providing bright light with some shade during the hottest part of the day.
Temperature requirements
This plant thrives in warm temperatures between 18°C and 28°C (65°F to 82°F). It can, however, tolerate temperatures slightly outside this range. Temperatures below 10°C (50°F) should be avoided. High humidity is also necessary for optimal growth.
Soil requirements
The natural habitat of Aerangis biloba is epiphytic, meaning it grows attached to the surface of other plants. Therefore, it requires a well-draining, coarse potting mix, such as a mixture of orchid bark, perlite, and charcoal. The plant's roots should not be kept constantly wet, as this can lead to root rot.
Cultivation methods
Aerangis biloba is an epiphytic orchid that is native to African tropical forests. To cultivate this plant, one must try to replicate the plant's natural environment. Aerangis biloba requires bright but filtered light, high humidity, and warm temperatures. It grows best in well-draining and aerated potting mixes that allow the roots to breathe.
When grown in pots, plant the orchid in a container that is appropriately sized for its roots. A shallow pot is preferable to allow the roots to spread horizontally. Aerangis biloba usually blooms in late winter or early spring and requires a cool and dry winter rest period.
Watering needs
Aerangis biloba requires regular watering during the growing season. However, ensure that the soil dries out a little between watering. It is essential to avoid over-watering, as this can rot the roots and lead to plant death. When the temperatures cool down in winter, reduce watering to allow the potting mix to dry out completely. Watering should resume when new growth appears.
Fertilization
Aerangis biloba thrives on regular feeding. Apply a balanced, water-soluble orchid fertilizer every month during the growing period. Fertilizers that have high nitrogen content stimulate leafy growth while higher phosphorus content encourages flower development. To avoid root burn, dilute the fertilizer to half strength.
Pruning
Pruning is not necessary for Aerangis biloba. However, trimming off the dried or yellow leaves not only enhances the plant's appearance, but it also prevents pests and diseases from attacking the plant.
Propagation of Aerangis biloba
Aerangis biloba can be propagated through various methods, including division, seed sowing, and tissue culture.
Division
Division is a common propagation method for Aerangis biloba. It involves separating the plant into smaller sections, each with its own roots and foliage. This method is best done when the plant has outgrown its current pot and needs to be repotted.
To propagate through division, gently remove the plant from its pot and loosen the root ball. Then, carefully separate the sections and repot them in separate pots using a high-quality orchid potting mix.
Seed sowing
Propagation through seed sowing is another method for Aerangis biloba. This method requires patience as orchid seeds can be slow to germinate, and the process can take several months to a year.
To propagate through seed sowing, collect the seeds from the pod once they have ripened and turned brown. Sow the seeds in a sterile medium, such as sphagnum moss or agar, and keep them in a humid environment with indirect light. It is crucial to maintain proper hygiene during the germination process.
Tissue culture
Tissue culture is a more advanced propagation method that involves growing plant tissues in a laboratory under sterile conditions. This method is suitable for mass propagation of Aerangis biloba and is commonly used in commercial orchid propagation.
To propagate through tissue culture, small pieces of the plant tissue are taken and grown in a nutrient-rich medium in a laboratory. This process requires specialized equipment, and it is best done by experienced growers.
Overall, Aerangis biloba can be propagated through various methods, including division, seed sowing, and tissue culture. Each method requires different skills and equipment, but all are effective ways to propagate this beautiful orchid species.
Disease and Pest Management for Aerangis biloba (Lindl.) Schltr.
Aerangis biloba is a popular orchid species commonly grown by enthusiasts. However, like all plants, it is not immune to pests and diseases. It is essential to identify and manage these threats early to ensure your plants' health and longevity.
Common Pests
Mealybugs, spider mites, and aphids are common pests that might attack your Aerangis biloba plants. Mealybugs infest the plant's roots, stems, and leaves, causing yellowing and stunted growth. Spider mites feed on the leaves' undersides, causing discoloration and webbing, while aphids attack the new growth, leading to stunted and distorted leaves.
To manage pests, start by regularly inspecting your plants to catch any infestations early. Isolate infected plants to prevent the pests from spreading. Use a soft damp cloth to remove mealybugs manually. For spider mites and aphids, you can use insecticidal soap or Neem oil. Additionally, maintain adequate humidity levels and avoid over-fertilizing your plants, as this can attract these pests.
Common Diseases
Aerangis biloba is susceptible to several fungal and bacterial diseases such as black rot, brown spot, and leaf spot. Infected plants exhibit signs such as black and mushy roots, yellowing leaves, and discoloration.
To manage these diseases, start by identifying and isolating infected plants. Ensure good airflow around your plants and avoid over-watering. Remove any dead or infected plant parts and use a fungicide or bactericide to prevent the spread of these diseases. Additionally, practice good hygiene by sterilizing your tools before and after use.
Overall, managing pests and diseases in Aerangis biloba is all about early detection and swift action. With proper care and preventive measures, you can keep your plants healthy and thriving.
